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@ARTICLE{Bronstert:6986,
      author       = {Bronstert, A. and Kneis, D. and Bogena, H. R.},
      title        = {{I}nteractions and feedbacks in hydrological change:
                      {R}elevance and possibilities of modelling},
      journal      = {Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung: HyWa},
      volume       = {53},
      issn         = {0012-0235},
      address      = {Koblenz},
      publisher    = {Bundesanst. für Gewässerkunde},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-6986},
      pages        = {289 - 304},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {The hydrological cycle is a dynamic system by its nature,
                      but sometimes accelerated through anthropogenic activity. A
                      "hydrological change" (i.e. a water cycle that is
                      significantly changing over a longer period of time) can be
                      very different in character, depending on the specific
                      natural conditions and the underlying spatial and temporal
                      scales. Such changes may affect the availability and quality
                      of water as essential pre-requisites for human development
                      and ecosystem stability. Hydrological extremes, such as
                      floods and droughts, may also be affected, what is also
                      vitally important, because of their profound economic and
                      societal impacts. Anthropogenically induced hydrological
                      change can be attributed to three main external causes:
                      first, the Earth's climate is changing significantly and
                      thus directly affecting the terrestrial hydro-systems via
                      the exchange of energy and heat. The second major issue is
                      the land cover and its management that has been modified
                      fundamentally by conversion of land for agriculture,
                      forestry, and other purposes such as industrialisation and
                      urbanisation. Finally, water resources are being used more
                      than ever for human development, especially for agriculture,
                      industrial activities, and navigation.If the regional
                      terrestrial hydrological cycle is changing and
                      counter-measures are desirable, it is from a scientific
                      perspective mandatory to understand the extent and nature of
                      such changes, and, especially, to identify their possible
                      anthropogenic origin. There are, however, fundamental gaps
                      in our knowledge, in particular about the role of feedbacks
                      between individual processes and compartments of the
                      hydrological cycle or the relevance of the interactions with
                      other sub-systems of our planet, such as the atmosphere or
                      the vegetation.This paper mentions several examples of
                      hydrological change and discusses their identification,
                      interaction processes, and feedback mechanisms, along with
                      modelling issues. The possibilities and limitations of
                      modelling are demonstrated by means of two studies: one from
                      the river-lake system on the Middle-Havel River and one from
                      the catchment of the Wahnbach Reservoir. The applied model
                      systems comprise a series of consecutively coupled
                      individual models (so-called one-way-coupling). Model
                      systems that are able reflect feedback effects
                      (two-way-coupling) are still in the development stage. It
                      became clear that the applied model systems were able to
                      reproduce the observed dynamics of the hydrological cycle
                      and of selected matter fluxes. However, one has to be aware
                      that the simulated time periods and scenarios represent
                      rather moderately transient conditions, what is the
                      justification why the one-way-coupling seems to be
                      applicable. Furthermore, it was shown that the modelling
                      uncertainty is considerably large. Nevertheless, this
                      uncertainty can be distinguished from effects of changed
                      internal systems dynamics or from changed boundary
                      conditions, what is a basis for the usability of such model
                      systems for prognostic purposes.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-4},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB793},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Water Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000270615300001},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/6986},
}