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@ARTICLE{Khosrawi:7582,
      author       = {Khosrawi, F. and Müller, R. and Proffitt, M.H. and Ruhnke,
                      R. and Kirner, O. and Jöckel, P. and Grooß, J.-U. and
                      Urban, J. and Murtagh, D. and Nakajima, H.},
      title        = {{E}valuation of {CL}a{MS}, {KASIMA} and {ECHAM}5/{MESS}y1
                      simulations in the lower stratosphere using observations of
                      {O}din/{SMR} and {ILAS}/{ILAS}-{II}},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {9},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-7582},
      pages        = {5759 - 5783},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {We are grateful to the European Space Agency (ESA) for
                      providing the Odin/SMR data. Odin is a Swedish led project
                      funded jointly by Sweden (SNSB), Canada (CSA), Finland
                      (TEKES), and France (CNES) and the European Space Agency
                      (ESA). The Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS and
                      ILAS-II) were were developed by the Japanese Ministry of
                      Environment (MOE) and were operated by the Japan Aerospace
                      Exploration Agency (JAXA). The ILAS/ILAS-II data was
                      processed at the ILAS and ILAS-II Data Handling Facility,
                      National Institute of Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan.
                      We would like to thank the UK Met Office (UKMO) and European
                      Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for
                      providing their meteorological analyses. We also would like
                      to thank P. Achtert for helping with the graphic editing and
                      the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. We are also
                      grateful to the Swedish Research Council for funding F.
                      Khosrawi.},
      abstract     = {1-year data sets of monthly averaged nitrous oxide (N2O)
                      and ozone (O-3) derived from satellite measurements were
                      used as a tool for the evaluation of atmospheric
                      photochemical models. Two 1-year data sets, one solar
                      occultation data set derived from the Improved Limb
                      Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS and ILAS-II) and one limb
                      sounding data set derived from the Odin Sub-Millimetre
                      Radiometer (Odin/SMR) were employed. Here, these data sets
                      are used for the evaluation of two Chemical Transport Models
                      (CTMs), the Karlsruhe Simulation Model of the Middle
                      Atmosphere (KASIMA) and the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the
                      Stratosphere (CLaMS) as well as for one Chemistry-Climate
                      Model (CCM), the atmospheric chemistry general circulation
                      model ECHAM5/MESSy1 (E5M1) in the lower stratosphere with
                      focus on the Northern Hemisphere. Since the Odin/SMR
                      measurements cover the entire hemisphere, the evaluation is
                      performed for the entire hemisphere as well as for the low
                      latitudes, midlatitudes and high latitudes using the
                      Odin/SMR 1-year data set as reference. To assess the impact
                      of using different data sets for such an evaluation study we
                      repeat the evaluation for the polar lower stratosphere using
                      the ILAS/ILAS-II data set. Only small differences were found
                      using ILAS/ILAS-II instead of Odin/SMR as a reference, thus,
                      showing that the results are not influenced by the
                      particular satellite data set used for the evaluation. The
                      evaluation of CLaMS, KASIMA and E5M1 shows that all models
                      are in agreement with Odin/SMR and ILAS/ILAS-II. Differences
                      are generally in the range of +/- $20\%.$ Larger differences
                      (up to $-40\%)$ are found in all models at 500 +/- 25 K for
                      N2O mixing ratios greater than 200 ppbv, thus in air masses
                      of tropical character. Generally, the largest differences
                      were found for the tropics and the lowest for the polar
                      regions. However, an underestimation of polar winter ozone
                      loss was found both in KASIMA and E5M1 both in the Northern
                      and Southern Hemisphere.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-1},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB790},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000268876600022},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/7582},
}