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@ARTICLE{Hoffmann:808772,
      author       = {Hoffmann, L. and Rößler, T. and Griessbach, S. and Heng,
                      Yi and Stein, O.},
      title        = {{L}agrangian transport simulations of volcanic sulfur
                      dioxide emissions: impact of meteorological data products},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / Atmospheres},
      volume       = {121},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {2169-897X},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-02389},
      pages        = {4651–4673},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from strong volcanic
                      eruptions are an important natural cause for climate
                      variations. We applied our new Lagrangian transport model
                      Massive-Parallel Trajectory Calculations (MPTRAC) to perform
                      simulations for three case studies of volcanic eruption
                      events. The case studies cover the eruptions of Grímsvötn,
                      Iceland, Puyehue-Cordón Caulle, Chile, and Nabro, Eritrea,
                      in May and June 2011. We used SO2 observations of the
                      Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS/Aqua) and a backward
                      trajectory approach to initialize the simulations. Besides
                      validation of the new model, the main goal of our study was
                      a comparison of simulations with different meteorological
                      data products. We considered three reanalyses (ERA-Interim,
                      MERRA, and NCAR/NCEP) and the European Centre for
                      Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analysis.
                      Qualitatively, the SO2 distributions from the simulations
                      compare well with the AIRS data, but also with Cloud-Aerosol
                      Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and Michelson
                      Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS)
                      aerosol observations. Transport deviations and the critical
                      success index (CSI) are analyzed to evaluate the simulations
                      quantitatively. During the first 5 or 10 days after the
                      eruptions we found the best performance for the ECMWF
                      analysis (CSI range of 0.25–0.31), followed by ERA-Interim
                      (0.25–0.29), MERRA (0.23–0.27), and NCAR/NCEP
                      (0.21–0.23). High temporal and spatial resolution of the
                      meteorological data does lead to improved performance of
                      Lagrangian transport simulations of volcanic emissions in
                      the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.},
      cin          = {JSC / IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000379715800016},
      doi          = {10.1002/2015JD023749},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/808772},
}