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@ARTICLE{Otsuka:809769,
      author       = {Otsuka, Yusuke and Pithan, Christian and Dornseiffer,
                      Jürgen and Takada, Takahiro and Konoike, Takehiro and
                      Waser, R.},
      title        = {{S}ynthesis of nitrogen and lanthanum codoped barium
                      titanate with a novel thermal ammonolysis reactor},
      journal      = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society},
      volume       = {36},
      number       = {11},
      issn         = {0955-2219},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-02696},
      pages        = {2719 - 2725},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Lanthanum doped barium titanate was nitridated by thermal
                      ammonolysis with a newly designed reactor, which performs
                      extended efficiency to supply ammonia with less
                      decomposition at elevated temperatures above 600 °C. The
                      kinetics of nitrogen-uptake was studied systematically at
                      elevated temperatures. Nitrogen-content, thermal stability
                      and crystallographic phase of nitridated lanthanum doped
                      barium titanate were characterized by several techniques.
                      The final nitrogen-content of nitridated lanthanum doped
                      barium titanate was much higher than the content of
                      lanthanum, resulting in the formation of oxygen vacancies
                      compensating the additional negative electrical charge of
                      nitrogen anions occupying regular oxygen sites in the
                      lattice. Through thermal ammonolysis, strongly reducing
                      conditions because of the decomposition of ammonia
                      generating hydrogen gas causes the formation of barium
                      orthotitanate as a secondary phase. Ammonolysis temperature
                      below 800 °C and suppression of thermal decomposition of
                      ammonia gas are essential to realize a nitridated lanthanum
                      doped barium titanate as a single phase.},
      cin          = {PGI-7 / IEK-1},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-7-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {524 - Controlling Collective States (POF3-524)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-524},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000376808100009},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.03.033},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/809769},
}