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@ARTICLE{Li:810963,
      author       = {Li, Dongjiang and L. Danilov, Dmitri and Gao, Lu and Yang,
                      Yong and Notten, Peter H. L.},
      title        = {{D}egradation {M}echanisms of {C}$_{6}$/{L}i{F}e{PO}$_{4}$
                      {B}atteries: {E}xperimental {A}nalyses of {C}ycling-induced
                      {A}ging},
      journal      = {Electrochimica acta},
      volume       = {210},
      issn         = {0013-4686},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-03519},
      pages        = {445 - 455},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Electromotive force (EMF) voltage curves are regularly
                      determined to facilitate in-depth understanding of aging
                      mechanisms of C6/LiFePO4 batteries during cycling. The
                      irreversible capacity losses under various cycling
                      conditions and temperatures are accurately obtained from the
                      extrapolated EMF curves and are found to increase with cycle
                      number and time. A new mathematical extrapolation method is
                      proposed to distinguish between calendar ageing and
                      cycling-induced ageing. The capacity losses due to calendar
                      aging are obtained by extrapolating the total irreversible
                      capacity losses to zero cycle number. It is found that
                      calendar ageing increases logarithmically in time. On the
                      other hand, cycling-induced ageing is accurately determined
                      by extrapolating the capacity losses to zero time. In this
                      case the capacity losses are found to increase linearly with
                      cycle number. It is furthermore found that iron dissolution
                      from the cathode at 60 °C and the subsequent deposition
                      onto the anode enhances significantly the SEI formation on
                      the graphite electrode and, consequently, battery ageing.
                      Interestingly, the graphite electrode decay has been
                      quantified in much more detail, by analyzing the dVEMF/dQ
                      curves. The analyses show that the electrode decay can be
                      related to both the structural deterioration and the
                      inter-layer surface blockage of the graphite electrode, as
                      has also been experimentally confirmed by Raman and XPS
                      spectroscopy.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000380746100055},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.091},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/810963},
}