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@ARTICLE{Nakhforoosh:811996,
      author       = {Nakhforoosh, Alireza and Bodewein, Thomas and Fiorani,
                      Fabio and Bodner, Gernot},
      title        = {{I}dentification of {W}ater {U}se {S}trategies at {E}arly
                      {G}rowth {S}tages in {D}urum {W}heat from {S}hoot
                      {P}henotyping and {P}hysiological {M}easurements},
      journal      = {Frontiers in plant science},
      volume       = {7},
      issn         = {1664-462X},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-04297},
      pages        = {1155},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Modern imaging technology provides new approaches to plant
                      phenotyping for traits relevant to crop yield and resource
                      efficiency. Our objective was to investigate water use
                      strategies at early growth stages in durum wheat genetic
                      resources using shoot imaging at the ScreenHouse phenotyping
                      facility combined with physiological measurements. Twelve
                      durum landraces from different pedoclimatic backgrounds were
                      compared to three modern check cultivars in a greenhouse pot
                      experiment under well-watered $(75\%$ plant available water,
                      PAW) and drought $(25\%$ PAW) conditions. Transpiration rate
                      was analyzed for the underlying main morphological (leaf
                      area duration) and physiological (stomata conductance)
                      factors. Combining both morphological and physiological
                      regulation of transpiration, four distinct water use types
                      were identified. Most landraces had high transpiration rates
                      either due to extensive leaf area (area types) or both large
                      leaf areas together with high stomata conductance (spender
                      types). All modern cultivars were distinguished by high
                      stomata conductance with comparatively compact canopies
                      (conductance types). Only few landraces were water saver
                      types with both small canopy and low stomata conductance.
                      During early growth, genotypes with large leaf area had high
                      dry-matter accumulation under both well-watered and drought
                      conditions compared to genotypes with compact stature.
                      However, high stomata conductance was the basis to achieve
                      high dry matter per unit leaf area, indicating high
                      assimilation capacity as a key for productivity in modern
                      cultivars. We conclude that the identified water use
                      strategies based on early growth shoot phenotyping combined
                      with stomata conductance provide an appropriate framework
                      for targeted selection of distinct pre-breeding material
                      adapted to different types of water limited environments.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582) / EPPN - European Plant
                      Phenotyping Network (284443)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582 / G:(EU-Grant)284443},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000380919000001},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27547208},
      doi          = {10.3389/fpls.2016.01155},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/811996},
}