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@ARTICLE{VanMalderen:817746,
      author       = {Van Malderen, Roeland and Allaart, Marc A. F. and De
                      Backer, Hugo and Smit, Herman G.J. and De Muer, Dirk},
      title        = {{O}n instrumental errors and related correction strategies
                      of ozonesondes: possible effect on calculated ozone trends
                      for the nearby sites {U}ccle and {D}e {B}ilt},
      journal      = {Atmospheric measurement techniques},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {1867-8548},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-04389},
      pages        = {3793 - 3816},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {The ozonesonde stations at Uccle (Belgium) and De Bilt (the
                      Netherlands) are separated by only 175 km but use
                      different ozonesonde types (or different manufacturers for
                      the same electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) type),
                      operating procedures, and correction strategies. As such,
                      these stations form a unique test bed for the Ozonesonde
                      Data Quality Assessment (O3S-DQA) activity, which aims at
                      providing a revised, homogeneous, consistent dataset with an
                      altitude-dependent estimated uncertainty for each revised
                      profile. For the ECC ozonesondes at Uccle mean relative
                      uncertainties in the $4–6 \%$ range are obtained. To
                      study the impact of the corrections on the ozone profiles
                      and trends, we compared the Uccle and De Bilt average ozone
                      profiles and vertical ozone trends, calculated from the
                      operational corrections at both stations and the O3S-DQA
                      corrected profiles.In the common ECC 1997–2014 period, the
                      O3S-DQA corrections effectively reduce the differences
                      between the Uccle and De Bilt ozone partial pressure values
                      with respect to the operational corrections only for the
                      stratospheric layers below the ozone maximum. The
                      upper-stratospheric ozone measurements at both sites are
                      substantially different, regardless of the correction
                      methodology used. The origin of this difference is not
                      clear. The discrepancies in the tropospheric ozone
                      concentrations between both sites can be ascribed to the
                      problematic background measurement and correction at De
                      Bilt, especially in the period before November 1998. The
                      Uccle operational correction method, applicable to both
                      ozonesonde types used, diminishes the relative stratospheric
                      ozone differences of the Brewer–Mast sondes in the
                      1993–1996 period with De Bilt to less than $5 \%$ and to
                      less than $6 \%$ in the free troposphere for the De Bilt
                      operational corrections.Despite their large impact on the
                      average ozone profiles, the different (sensible) correction
                      strategies do not change the ozone trends significantly,
                      usually only within their statistical uncertainty due to
                      atmospheric noise. The O3S-DQA corrections bring the Uccle
                      and De Bilt ozone trend estimates for 1997–2014 closer to
                      each other in the lower stratosphere and lower troposphere.
                      Throughout the whole vertical profile, these trend estimates
                      are, however, not significantly different from each other,
                      and only in the troposphere significantly positive. For the
                      entire Uccle observation period (1969–2014), the
                      operational corrections lead to height-independent and
                      consistent ozone trends for both the troposphere and the
                      stratosphere, with rates of +2 to $+3 \% decade−1$ and
                      −1 to $−2 \% decade−1,$ respectively.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000383790000001},
      doi          = {10.5194/amt-9-3793-2016},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/817746},
}