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@ARTICLE{Soin:817803,
      author       = {Soiné, Jérôme R. D. and Hersch, Nils and Dreissen, Georg
                      and Hampe, Nico and Hoffmann, Bernd and Merkel, Rudolf and
                      Schwarz, Ulrich S.},
      title        = {{M}easuring cellular traction forces on non-planar
                      substrates},
      journal      = {Interface focus},
      volume       = {6},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {2042-8901},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Royal Society Publishing},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-04442},
      pages        = {20160024 -},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Animal cells use traction forces to sense the mechanics and
                      geometry of their environment. Measuring these traction
                      forces requires a workflow combining cell experiments, image
                      processing and force reconstruction based on elasticity
                      theory. Such procedures have already been established mainly
                      for planar substrates, in which case one can use the Green's
                      function formalism. Here we introduce a workflow to measure
                      traction forces of cardiac myofibroblasts on non-planar
                      elastic substrates. Soft elastic substrates with a wave-like
                      topology were micromoulded from polydimethylsiloxane and
                      fluorescent marker beads were distributed homogeneously in
                      the substrate. Using feature vector-based tracking of these
                      marker beads, we first constructed a hexahedral mesh for the
                      substrate. We then solved the direct elastic boundary volume
                      problem on this mesh using the finite-element method. Using
                      data simulations, we show that the traction forces can be
                      reconstructed from the substrate deformations by solving the
                      corresponding inverse problem with an L1-norm for the
                      residue and an L2-norm for a zeroth-order Tikhonov
                      regularization. Applying this procedure to the experimental
                      data, we find that cardiac myofibroblast cells tend to align
                      both their shapes and their forces with the long axis of the
                      deformable wavy substrate.},
      cin          = {ICS-7},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-7-20110106},
      pnm          = {552 - Engineering Cell Function (POF3-552)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-552},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000382192900001},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27708757},
      doi          = {10.1098/rsfs.2016.0024},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/817803},
}