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@ARTICLE{Ezaki:818075,
      author       = {Ezaki, Takahiro and Ohtsuka, Kazumichi and Chraibi, Mohcine
                      and Boltes, Maik and Yanagisawa, Daichi and Seyfried, Armin
                      and Schadschneider, Andreas and Nishinari, Katsuhiro},
      title        = {{I}nflow {P}rocess of {P}edestrians to a {C}onfined
                      {S}pace},
      journal      = {Collective dynamics},
      volume       = {1},
      issn         = {2366-8539},
      address      = {Köln},
      publisher    = {Institut für Theoretische Physik},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-04609},
      pages        = {A4},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {To better design safe and comfortable urban spaces,
                      understanding the nature of human crowd movement is
                      important. However, precise interactions among pedestrians
                      are difficult to measure in the presence of their complex
                      decision-making processes and many related factors. While
                      extensive studies on pedestrian flow through bottlenecks and
                      corridors have been conducted, the dominant mode of
                      interaction in these scenarios may not be relevant in
                      different scenarios. Here, we attempt to decipher the
                      factors that affect human reactions to other individuals
                      from a different perspective. We conducted experiments
                      employing the inflow process in which pedestrians
                      successively enter a confined area (like an elevator) and
                      look for a temporary position. In this process, pedestrians
                      have a wider range of options regarding their motion than in
                      the classical scenarios; therefore, other factors might
                      become relevant. The preference of location is visualized by
                      pedestrian density profiles obtained from recorded
                      pedestrian trajectories. Non-trivial patterns of space
                      acquisition, e.g., an apparent preference for positions near
                      corners, were observed. This indicates the relevance of
                      psychological and anticipative factors beyond the private
                      sphere, which have not been deeply discussed so far in the
                      literature on pedestrian dynamics. From the results, four
                      major factors, which we call flow avoidance, distance cost,
                      angle cost, and boundary preference, were suggested. We
                      confirmed that a description of decision-making based on
                      these factors can give a rise to realistic preference
                      patterns, using a simple mathematical model. Our findings
                      provide new perspectives and a baseline for considering the
                      optimization of design and safety in crowded public areas
                      and public transport carriers.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {380},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.17815/CD.2016.4},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/818075},
}