% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Liora:818117,
      author       = {Liora, Natalia and Poupkou, Anastasia and Giannaros,
                      Theodore M. and Kakosimos, Konstantinos E. and Stein, Olaf
                      and Melas, Dimitrios},
      title        = {{I}mpacts of natural emission sources on particle pollution
                      levels in {E}urope},
      journal      = {Atmospheric environment},
      volume       = {137},
      issn         = {0004-6981},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-04633},
      pages        = {171 - 185},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {The main objective of this work is the study of the impact
                      of windblown dust, sea-salt aerosol and biogenic emissions
                      on particle pollution levels in Europe. The Natural
                      Emissions MOdel (NEMO) and the modelling system consisted of
                      the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) and the
                      Comprehensive Air Quality model with extensions (CAMx) were
                      applied in a 30 km horizontal resolution grid, which covered
                      Europe and the adjacent areas for the year 2009. Air quality
                      simulations were performed for different emission scenarios
                      in order to study the contribution of each natural emission
                      source individually and together to air quality levels in
                      Europe. The simulations reveal that the exclusion of
                      windblown dust emissions decreases the mean seasonal PM10
                      levels by more than 3.3 μg/m3 $(∼20\%)$ in the Eastern
                      Mediterranean during winter while an impact of 3 μg/m3 was
                      also found during summer. The results suggest that sea-salt
                      aerosol has a significant effect on PM levels and
                      composition. Eliminating sea-salt emissions reduces PM10
                      seasonal concentrations by around 10 μg/m3 in Mediterranean
                      Sea during summer while a decrease of up to 6 μg/m3 is
                      found in Atlantic Ocean during autumn. Sea-salt particles
                      also interact with the anthropogenic component and therefore
                      their absence in the atmosphere decreases significantly the
                      nitrates in aerosols where shipping activities are present.
                      The exclusion of biogenic emissions in the model runs leads
                      to a significant reduction of secondary organic aerosols of
                      more than $90\%$ while an increase in PM2.5 levels in
                      central Europe and Eastern Mediterranean is found due to
                      their interaction with anthropogenic component.},
      cin          = {JSC / IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243) / MACC-III - Monitoring
                      Atmospheric Composition and Climate -III (633080) / 511 -
                      Computational Science and Mathematical Methods (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243 / G:(EU-Grant)633080 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000377320200016},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.04.040},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/818117},
}