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@ARTICLE{Popovych:818220,
      author       = {Popovych, Svitlana and Rosjat, Nils and Toth, T. I. and
                      Wang, Bin and Liu, Liqing and Abdollahi, Rouhollah and
                      Viswanathan, Shivakumar and Grefkes, Christian and Fink,
                      Gereon Rudolf and Daun, Silvia},
      title        = {{M}ovement-related phase locking in the delta–theta
                      frequency band},
      journal      = {NeuroImage},
      volume       = {139},
      issn         = {1053-8119},
      address      = {Orlando, Fla.},
      publisher    = {Academic Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-04705},
      pages        = {439-449},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Movements result from a complex interplay of multiple brain
                      regions. These regions are assembled into distinct
                      functional networks depending on the specific properties of
                      the action. However, the nature and details of the dynamics
                      of this complex assembly process are unknown. In this study,
                      we sought to identify key markers of the neural processes
                      underlying the preparation and execution of motor actions
                      that always occur irrespective of differences in movement
                      initiation, hence the specific neural processes and
                      functional networks involved. To this end, EEG activity was
                      continuously recorded from 18 right-handed healthy
                      participants while they performed a simple motor task
                      consisting of button presses with the left or right index
                      finger. The movement was performed either in response to a
                      visual cue or at a self-chosen, i.e., non-cued point in
                      time. Despite these substantial differences in movement
                      initiation, dynamic properties of the EEG signals common to
                      both conditions could be identified using time–frequency
                      and phase locking analysis of the EEG data. In both
                      conditions, a significant phase locking effect was observed
                      that started prior to the movement onset in the δ–θ
                      frequency band (2–7 Hz), and that was strongest at the
                      electrodes nearest to the contralateral motor region (M1).
                      This phase locking effect did not have a counterpart in the
                      corresponding power spectra (i.e., amplitudes), or in the
                      event-related potentials. Our finding suggests that phase
                      locking in the δ–θ frequency band is a ubiquitous
                      movement-related signal independent of how the actual
                      movement has been initiated. We therefore suggest that
                      phase-locked neural oscillations in the motor cortex are a
                      prerequisite for the preparation and execution of motor
                      actions},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000381583500042},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27374370},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.06.052},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/818220},
}