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@ARTICLE{Zaller:819630,
      author       = {Zaller, Johann G. and König, Nina and Tiefenbacher,
                      Alexandra and Muraoka, Yoko and Querner, Pascal and
                      Ratzenböck, Andreas and Bonkowski, Michael and Koller,
                      Robert},
      title        = {{P}esticide seed dressings can affect the activity of
                      various soil organisms and reduce decomposition of plant
                      material},
      journal      = {BMC ecology},
      volume       = {16},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1472-6785},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {BioMed Central},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-05245},
      pages        = {37},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {BackgroundSeed dressing with pesticides is widely used to
                      protect crop seeds from pest insects and fungal diseases.
                      While there is mounting evidence that especially
                      neonicotinoid seed dressings detrimentally affect insect
                      pollinators, surprisingly little is known on potential side
                      effects on soil biota. We hypothesized that soil organisms
                      would be particularly susceptible to pesticide seed
                      dressings as they get in direct contact with these
                      chemicals. Using microcosms with field soil we investigated,
                      whether seeds treated either with neonicotinoid insecticides
                      or fungicides influence the activity and interaction of
                      earthworms, collembola, protozoa and microorganisms. The
                      full-factorial design consisted of the factor Seed dressing
                      (control vs. insecticide vs. fungicide), Earthworm (no
                      earthworms vs. addition Lumbricus terrestris L.) and
                      collembola (no collembola vs. addition Sinella curviseta
                      Brook). We used commercially available wheat seed material
                      (Triticum aesticum L. cf. Lukullus) at a recommended seeding
                      density of 367 m−2.ResultsSeed dressings (particularly
                      fungicides) increased collembola surface activity, increased
                      the number of protozoa and reduced plant decomposition rate
                      but did not affect earthworm activity. Seed dressings had no
                      influence on wheat growth. Earthworms interactively affected
                      the influence of seed dressings on collembola activity,
                      whereas collembola increased earthworm surface activity but
                      reduced soil basal respiration. Earthworms also decreased
                      wheat growth, reduced soil basal respiration and microbial
                      biomass but increased soil water content and electrical
                      conductivity.ConclusionsThe reported non-target effects of
                      seed dressings and their interactions with soil organisms
                      are remarkable because they were observed after a one-time
                      application of only 18 pesticide treated seeds per
                      experimental pot. Because of the increasing use of seed
                      dressing in agriculture and the fundamental role of soil
                      organisms in agroecosystems these ecological interactions
                      should receive more attention.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000381816800001},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27534619},
      doi          = {10.1186/s12898-016-0092-x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/819630},
}