% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Derstroff:819751,
      author       = {Derstroff, Bettina and Hüser, Imke and Sander, Rolf and
                      Bourtsoukidis, Efstratios and Crowley, John N. and Fischer,
                      Horst and Gromov, Sergey and Harder, Hartwig and
                      Kesselmeier, Jürgen and Lelieveld, Jos and Mallik, Chinmay
                      and Martinez, Monica and Novelli, Anna and Parchatka, Uwe
                      and Phillips, Gavin J. and Sauvage, Carina and Schuladen,
                      Jan and Stönner, Christof and Tomsche, Laura and Williams,
                      Jonathan},
      title        = {{V}olatile organic compounds ({VOC}s) in photochemically
                      aged air from the {E}astern and {W}estern {M}editerranean},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics / Discussions},
      volume       = {0},
      issn         = {1680-7375},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-05347},
      pages        = {},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {During the summertime CYPHEX campaign (CYprus PHotochemical
                      EXperiment 2014) in the Eastern Mediterranean, multiple
                      volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured from a
                      650 m hilltop site in western Cyprus
                      (34°57' N/32°23' E). Periodic shifts in the northerly
                      Etesian winds resulted in the site being alternately
                      impacted by photochemically processed emissions from Western
                      (Spain, France, Italy) and Eastern (Turkey, Greece) Europe.
                      In this study we examine the temporal variation of VOCs at
                      the site. The sparse Mediterranean scrub vegetation
                      generated diel cycles in the reactive biogenic hydrocarbon
                      isoprene, from below detection limit at night to 100 pptv
                      by day on average. In contrast, the oxygenated volatile
                      organic compounds (OVOCs) methanol and acetone exhibited no
                      diel cycle and were approximately an order of magnitude
                      higher in mixing ratio (range: 1–8 ppbv) than the
                      locally emitted isoprene (up to 320 pptv), total
                      monoterpenes (up to 250 pptv) and aromatic compounds such
                      as benzene and toluene (up to 100 pptv, spikes up to
                      400 pptv). Acetic acid was present at mixing ratios
                      between 0.05 and 4 ppbv and followed a pronounced diel
                      cycle in one specific period, which was related to local
                      production and loss and local meteorological effects. During
                      the rest of the campaign the impact of the free troposphere
                      and long distance transport from source regions dominated
                      over local processes and diel cycles were not observed. The
                      Lagrangian model FLEXPART was used to determine transport
                      patterns and photochemical processing times of air masses
                      originating from Eastern and Western Europe. Eastern and
                      Western European air masses showed distinct trace gas
                      concentrations, with ca. $20 \%$ higher ozone and ca.
                      $30–50 \%$ higher values for most of the OVOCs observed
                      from the East. Using the FLEXPART calculated transport time,
                      the contribution of photochemical processing, sea surface
                      contact and dilution was estimated. Methanol, acetone and
                      acetic acid all decreased with residence time in the marine
                      boundary layer (MBL) with loss rates of
                      0.1 ± 0.01 ppbv/h, 0.06 ± 0.01 ppbv/h, 0.05 ±
                      0.01 ppbv/h from Eastern Europe and
                      0.06 ± 0.01 ppbv/h, 0.02 ± 0.004 ppbv/h and
                      0.03 ± 0.004 ppbv/h from Western Europe,
                      respectively. The most soluble species, acetic acid, showed
                      the lowest loss rates, indicating that solubility limited
                      deposition to the ocean was not the only factor and that
                      turbulent transport, plume dilution, microbial consumption
                      within the surface of the ocean and especially entrainment
                      from the free troposphere may also be important.
                      Correlations between acetone, methanol and acetic acid were
                      rather weak in western air masses (r2 = 0.52–0.62),
                      but were stronger in air masses measured after the shorter
                      transport time from the East (r2 = 0.53–0.81).},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-2016-746},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/819751},
}