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@ARTICLE{Nischwitz:820873,
      author       = {Nischwitz, Volker and Gottselig, Nina and Missong, Anna and
                      Meyn, Thomas and Klumpp, Erwin},
      title        = {{F}ield flow fractionation online with {ICP}-{MS} as novel
                      approach for the quantification of fine particulate carbon
                      in stream water samples and soil extracts},
      journal      = {Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry},
      volume       = {31},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1364-5544},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {ChemSoc},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-06137},
      pages        = {1858 - 1868},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Reliable and efficient analytical techniques are required
                      for quantitative size-resolved carbon determination of
                      nanoparticles and colloids in complex sample matrices due to
                      the key role of carbon in biological and environmental
                      processes. Field flow fractionation (FFF) online with
                      inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a
                      powerful technique for identification and quantification of
                      particle bound metals, but has not been applied for
                      quantitative determination of particulate carbon, yet, due
                      to several challenges. Therefore, our study explores the
                      potential of online particulate carbon detection by ICP-MS
                      to overcome limitations of previously used UV detection or
                      offline total organic carbon measurements. A novel organic
                      carbon detector (OCD) was used as independent sensitive
                      carbon detector to validate the ICP-MS results. Basic
                      validation of organic carbon detection by offline quadrupole
                      and sector-field ICP-MS was performed for fresh water
                      samples using OCD as reference achieving recoveries of 107
                      ± $16\%$ with Q-ICP-MS and 122 ± $22\%$ with SF-ICP-MS.
                      Limits of detection were 0.6 mg L−1 for Q-ICP-MS, 0.3 mg
                      L−1 for SF-ICP-MS and 0.04 mg L−1 for OCD. The main
                      focus was on comparison of FFF-ICP-MS and FFF-OCD for
                      quantification of particulate carbon in fresh water samples,
                      soil extracts as well as in bovine serum albumin (BSA) as
                      candidate reference standard. Recoveries obtained by
                      FFF-Q-ICP-MS with a flow-injection calibration approach were
                      in a range from 90 to $113\%$ for replicate analyses of
                      fresh water samples compared to FFF-OCD and from 87 to
                      $107\%$ with an alternative post-channel calibration
                      strategy.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000382071200011},
      doi          = {10.1039/C6JA00027D},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/820873},
}