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@ARTICLE{Wegner:824376,
      author       = {Wegner, Tobias and Pitts, Michael C. and Poole, L. R. and
                      Tritscher, Ines and Grooss, Jens-Uwe and Nakajima, H.},
      title        = {{V}ortex-wide chlorine activation by a mesoscale {PSC} in
                      the {A}rctic winter of 2009/10},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {16},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-06976},
      pages        = {4569-4577},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {In the Arctic polar vortex of the 2009/10 winter
                      temperatures were low enough to allow widespread formation
                      of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). These clouds occurred
                      during the initial chlorine activation phase which provided
                      the opportunity to investigate the impact of PSCs on
                      chlorine activation. Satellite observations of gas-phase
                      species and PSCs are used in combination with trajectory
                      modeling to assess this initial activation. The initial
                      activation occurred in association with the formation of
                      PSCs over the east coast of Greenland at the beginning of
                      January 2010. Although this area of PSCs covered only a
                      small portion of the vortex, it was responsible for almost
                      the entire initial activation of chlorine vortex wide.
                      Observations show HCl (hydrochloric acid) mixing ratios
                      decreased rapidly in and downstream of this region.
                      Trajectory calculations and simplified heterogeneous
                      chemistry modeling confirmed that the initial chlorine
                      activation continued until ClONO2 (chlorine nitrate) was
                      completely depleted and the activated air masses were
                      advected throughout the polar vortex. For the calculation of
                      heterogeneous reaction rates, surface area density is
                      estimated from backscatter observations. Modeled
                      heterogeneous reaction rates along trajectories intersecting
                      with the PSCs indicate that the initial phase of chlorine
                      activation occurred in just a few hours. These calculations
                      also indicate that chlorine activation on the binary
                      background aerosol is significantly slower than on the PSC
                      particles and the observed chlorine activation can only be
                      explained by an increase in surface area density due to PSC
                      formation. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation
                      between the magnitude of the observed HCl depletion and PSC
                      surface area density.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000374703000021},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-16-4569-2016},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/824376},
}