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@ARTICLE{Seymour:825241,
      author       = {Seymour, Ben and Barbe, Michael and Dayan, Peter and
                      Shiner, Tamara and Dolan, Ray and Fink, Gereon R.},
      title        = {{D}eep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus
                      modulates sensitivity to decision outcome value in
                      {P}arkinson’s disease},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {6},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-07712},
      pages        = {32509 -},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus in
                      Parkinson’s disease is known to cause a subtle but
                      important adverse impact on behaviour, with impulsivity its
                      most widely reported manifestation. However, precisely which
                      computational components of the decision process are
                      modulated is not fully understood. Here we probe a number of
                      distinct subprocesses, including temporal discount, outcome
                      utility, instrumental learning rate, instrumental outcome
                      sensitivity, reward-loss trade-offs, and perseveration. We
                      tested 22 Parkinson’s Disease patients both on and off
                      subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS), while
                      they performed an instrumental learning task involving
                      financial rewards and losses, and an inter-temporal choice
                      task for financial rewards. We found that instrumental
                      learning performance was significantly worse following
                      stimulation, due to modulation of instrumental outcome
                      sensitivity. Specifically, patients became less sensitive to
                      decision values for both rewards and losses, but without any
                      change to the learning rate or reward-loss trade-offs.
                      However, we found no evidence that DBS modulated different
                      components of temporal impulsivity. In conclusion, our
                      results implicate the subthalamic nucleus in a modulation of
                      outcome value in experience-based learning and
                      decision-making in Parkinson’s disease, suggesting a more
                      pervasive role of the subthalamic nucleus in the control of
                      human decision-making than previously thought.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {000},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000383478200001},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27624437},
      doi          = {10.1038/srep32509},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/825241},
}