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@ARTICLE{Rohleder:825306,
      author       = {Rohleder, Cathrin and Wiedermann, Dirk and Neumaier, Bernd
                      and Drzezga, Alexander and Timmermann, Lars and Graf, Rudolf
                      and Leweke, F. Markus and Endepols, Heike},
      title        = {{T}he {F}unctional {N}etworks of {P}repulse {I}nhibition:
                      {N}euronal {C}onnectivity {A}nalysis {B}ased on {FDG}-{PET}
                      in {A}wake and {U}nrestrained {R}ats},
      journal      = {Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience},
      volume       = {10},
      issn         = {1662-5153},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-07770},
      pages        = {148},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is a neuropsychological process
                      during which a weak sensory stimulus (“prepulse”)
                      attenuates the motor response (“startle reaction”) to a
                      subsequent strong startling stimulus. It is measured as a
                      surrogate marker of sensorimotor gating in patients
                      suffering from neuropsychological diseases such as
                      schizophrenia, as well as in corresponding animal models. A
                      variety of studies has shown that PPI of the acoustical
                      startle reaction comprises three brain circuitries for: (i)
                      startle mediation, (ii) PPI mediation, and (iii) modulation
                      of PPI mediation. While anatomical connections and
                      information flow in the startle and PPI mediation pathways
                      are well known, spatial and temporal interactions of the
                      numerous regions involved in PPI modulation are incompletely
                      understood. We therefore combined [18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose
                      positron-emission-tomography (FDG-PET) with PPI and resting
                      state control paradigms in awake rats. A battery of
                      subtractive, correlative as well as seed-based functional
                      connectivity analyses revealed a default mode-like network
                      (DMN) active during resting state only. Furthermore, two
                      functional networks were observed during PPI: Metabolic
                      activity in the lateral circuitry was positively correlated
                      with PPI effectiveness and involved the auditory system and
                      emotional regions. The medial network was negatively
                      correlated with PPI effectiveness, i.e., associated with
                      startle, and recruited a spatial/cognitive network. Our
                      study provides evidence for two distinct neuronal networks,
                      whose continuous interplay determines PPI effectiveness in
                      rats, probably by either protecting the prepulse or
                      facilitating startle processing. Discovering similar
                      networks affected in neuropsychological disorders may help
                      to better understand mechanisms of sensorimotor gating
                      deficits and provide new perspectives for therapeutic
                      strategies.},
      cin          = {INM-5},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-5-20090406},
      pnm          = {573 - Neuroimaging (POF3-573)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-573},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000379994800001},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27493627},
      doi          = {10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00148},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/825306},
}