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@ARTICLE{Hartmann:825925,
      author       = {Hartmann, Steffen and Hermann, Sascha and Bonitz, Jens and
                      Heggen, Marc and Hölck, Ole and Shaporin, Alexey and
                      Mehner, Jan and Schulz, Stefan E. and Gessner, Thomas and
                      Wunderle, Bernhard},
      title        = {{T}owards nanoreliability of sensors incorporating
                      interfaces between single-walled carbon nanotubes and
                      metals: molecular dynamics simulations and in situ
                      experiments using electron microscopy},
      journal      = {Mechatronics},
      volume       = {40},
      issn         = {0957-4158},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-00204},
      pages        = {270 - 280},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {In this paper we present results of our recent efforts to
                      understand the mechanical interface behaviour of
                      single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) embedded in metal
                      matrices. We conducted experimental pull-out tests of SWCNTs
                      embedded in Pd and found maximum forces in the range F ≈
                      (10 to 65) nN. These values are in good agreement with
                      forces obtained from molecular dynamics simulations taking
                      into account surface functional groups (SFGs) covalently
                      linked to the SWCNT material. The dominant failure mode in
                      experiment is a SWCNT rupture, which can be explained with
                      the presence of SFGs. For further in depth investigations,
                      we present a tensile actuation test system based on a
                      thermal actuator to perform pull-out tests inside a
                      transmission electron microscope with the objective to
                      obtain in situ images of SWCNT–metal interfaces under
                      mechanical loads at the atomic scale. First experiments
                      confirmed the presence of suspended thin metal electrodes to
                      embed SWCNTs. These suspended thin metal electrodes are
                      electron transparent at the designated SWCNT locations.
                      Actuator movements were evaluated by digital image
                      correlation and we observed systematic actuator movements.
                      Although significant image drifts occured during actuation,
                      we achieved atomic resolution of the metal electrode and
                      stable movement in the focal plane of the electron
                      microscope.},
      cin          = {PGI-5},
      ddc          = {000},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-5-20110106},
      pnm          = {143 - Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000390740600026},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.mechatronics.2016.05.016},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/825925},
}