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@INPROCEEDINGS{Frielinghaus:825983,
      author       = {Frielinghaus, Henrich},
      title        = {{SANS} experiments on wood during pretreatment in ionic
                      liquid/water mixtures},
      school       = {JCNS},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-00255},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Cellulose makes up for most of the material in the
                      lignocellulosic’s cell wall, and it could provide an
                      abundant source for fuels, materials and chemicals. Mild and
                      selective conversion processes would be desirable for
                      decentralized value-generation from the synthesis power of
                      nature. However, the utilization is still difficult due to
                      the composition and the structure of the biomass’ cell
                      wall. Cellulose shows a dense, crystalline structure and the
                      access to thesemacromolecules is further restricted by
                      lignin and hemicellulose. An efficient conversion hence
                      requires the application of a pretreatment to gain access to
                      cellulosic macromolecules for subsequent conversion
                      processes.Mechanistic understanding of the pretreatment can
                      likely be gained at the molecular level. However, the
                      cellulose in the cell wall exists in fibrils made of several
                      cellulose chains, which are hold together via intermolecular
                      hydrogen bonds. This regular arrangement forms crystalline
                      structures that are a major obstacle in enzymatic hydrolysis
                      [1]. Hence, molecular analysis needs to be extended by
                      structural analysis to monitor the mechanistic steps
                      ofpretreatment.Ionic liquids proved to be good solvents for
                      the cellulose and the hydrophobic lignin [2], and the high
                      concentrations of ions at elevated temperatures around
                      100°C give rise to chemical reactions that constitute the
                      desired pretreatment and improve the enzymatic hydrolysis
                      [3]. Due to the abundance of water in such processes, we
                      systematically studied the effect of water on this
                      pretreatment. Using small angle neutron scattering (SANS),
                      the tissue after the pretreatment was compared to the native
                      wood and a first time-resolved setup was established for
                      this pretreatment.At higher water contents, the
                      crystallinity is enhanced, and the cell structure is rather
                      preserved but cellulose fibrils show coalescence similar to
                      what has been observed after pretreatment with dilute
                      mixtures. In concentreated EMIMAc, the crystallinity of the
                      cellulose is decayed, and the cell structure of the wood is
                      rather destroyed [4]. The results indicate extraction and
                      reorganization on the scale of macrofibrils, which is
                      supported by otheranalytical methods supporting the results.
                      A latest kinetic SANS study completes the whole picture
                      drawn here.},
      month         = {Jul},
      date          = {2016-07-18},
      organization  = {MLZ Conference: Neutrons for Energy,
                       Bad Reichenhall (Germany), 18 Jul 2016
                       - 22 Jul 2016},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {JCNS (München) ; Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS
                      (München) ; JCNS-FRM-II / Neutronenstreuung ; JCNS-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106},
      pnm          = {144 - Controlling Collective States (POF3-144) / 6213 -
                      Materials and Processes for Energy and Transport
                      Technologies (POF3-621) / 6G15 - FRM II / MLZ (POF3-6G15) /
                      6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron Research (JCNS) (POF3-623)
                      / 6215 - Soft Matter, Health and Life Sciences (POF3-621)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-144 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6213 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G15 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G4 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6215},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS1-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/825983},
}