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@ARTICLE{Grande:826309,
      author       = {Grande, Philipp M. and Viell, Jörn and Theyssen, Nils and
                      Marquardt, Wolfgang and Domínguez de María, Pablo and
                      Leitner, Walter},
      title        = {{F}ractionation of lignocellulosic biomass using the
                      {O}rgano{C}at process},
      journal      = {Green chemistry},
      volume       = {17},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {1463-9270},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {RSC},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-00542},
      pages        = {3533 - 3539},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The fractionation of lignocellulose in its three main
                      components, hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose pulp can be
                      achieved in a biphasic system comprising water and bio-based
                      2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) as solvents and oxalic
                      acid as catalyst at mild temperatures (up to 140 °C). This
                      so-called OrganoCat concept relies on selective
                      hemicellulose depolymerization to form an aqueous stream of
                      the corresponding carbohydrates, whereas solid cellulose
                      pulp remains suspended and the disentangled lignin is to a
                      large extent extracted in situ with the organic phase. In
                      the present paper, it is demonstrated that biomass loadings
                      of 100 g L−1 can be efficiently fractionated within 3 h
                      whereby the mild conditions assure that no significant
                      amounts of by-products (e.g. furans) are formed. Removing
                      the solid pulp by filtration allows to re-use the water and
                      organic phase without product separation in repetitive batch
                      mode. In this way, (at least) 400 g L−1 biomass can be
                      processed in 4 cycles, leading to greatly improved
                      biomass-to-catalyst and biomass-to-solvent ratios. Economic
                      analysis of the process reveals that the improved biomass
                      loading significantly reduces capital and energy costs in
                      the solvent recycle, indicating the importance of process
                      integration for potential implementation. The procedure was
                      successfully scaled-up from the screening on bench scale to
                      3 L reactor. The feedstock flexibility was assessed for
                      biomasses containing moderate-to-high hemicellulose
                      content.},
      cin          = {VS-V},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VS-V-20090406},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF3-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000355925900039},
      doi          = {10.1039/C4GC02534B},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/826309},
}