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@ARTICLE{Niether:826495,
      author       = {Niether, Doreen and Wiegand, Simone},
      title        = {{H}euristic {A}pproach to {U}nderstanding the
                      {A}ccumulation {P}rocess in {H}ydrothermal {P}ores},
      journal      = {Entropy},
      volume       = {19},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1099-4300},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-00718},
      pages        = {33 -},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {One of the central questions of humankind is: which
                      chemical and physical conditions arenecessary to make life
                      possible? In this “origin-of-life” context, formamide
                      plays an important role,because it has been demonstrated
                      that prebiotic molecules can be synthesized from
                      concentratedformamide solutions. Recently, it could be
                      shown, using finite-element calculations
                      combiningthermophoresis and convection processes in
                      hydrothermal pores, that sufficiently high
                      formamideconcentrations could be accumulated to form
                      prebiotic molecules (Niether et al. (2016)). Depending onthe
                      initial formamide concentration, the aspect ratio of the
                      pores, and the ambient temperature,formamide concentrations
                      up to 85 wt $\%$ could be reached. The stationary
                      calculations show aneffective accumulation, only if the
                      aspect ratio is above a certain threshold, and the
                      correspondingtransient studies display a sudden increase of
                      the accumulation after a certain time. Neither of
                      theobservations were explained. In this work, we derive a
                      simple heuristic model, which explainsboth phenomena. The
                      physical idea of the approach is a comparison of the time to
                      reach the top ofthe pore with the time to cross from the
                      convective upstream towards the convective downstream.If the
                      time to reach the top of the pore is shorter than the
                      crossing time, the formamide moleculesare flushed out of the
                      pore. If the time is long enough, the formamide molecules
                      can reach thedownstream and accumulate at the bottom of the
                      pore. Analysing the optimal aspect ratio as functionof
                      concentration, we find that, at a weight fraction of w =
                      0.5, a minimal pore height is required foreffective
                      accumulation. At the same concentration, the transient
                      calculations show a maximum of theaccumulation rate.},
      cin          = {ICS-3},
      ddc          = {510},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-3-20110106},
      pnm          = {551 - Functional Macromolecules and Complexes (POF3-551)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-551},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000392978500032},
      doi          = {10.3390/e19010033},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/826495},
}