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@ARTICLE{Hoffmann:827165,
      author       = {Hoffmann, André and Lambertz, Andreas and Haas, Stefan and
                      Merdzhanova, Tsvetelina and Paetzold, Ulrich W. and Meier,
                      Matthias and Bittkau, Karsten},
      title        = {{A}nalysis of parasitic losses due to intermediate
                      reflectors in silicon tandem solar cells},
      journal      = {Solar energy materials $\&$ solar cells},
      volume       = {163},
      issn         = {0927-0248},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {NH, Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-01363},
      pages        = {185 - 190},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Intermediate reflecting layers (IRL) in multijunction solar
                      cells improve the spectral light management and thereby
                      increase the overall energy conversion efficiency.
                      Nevertheless, the incorporation of an IRL can increase
                      parasitic losses in the device mainly by three effects: (i)
                      parasitic absorption in the IRL, (ii) increased parasitic
                      absorption in the transparent front electrode due to the
                      light reflection at the IRL, and (iii) reflection losses due
                      to insufficient absorption of light in the top solar cell
                      that is reflected at the IRL. Here, we investigate the
                      different contributions of these three loss mechanisms on
                      the external quantum efficiency and short-circuit current
                      density by a combination of experiment and optical
                      simulation. The parasitic absorption in the transparent
                      front electrode is varied experimentally by a
                      post-deposition laser annealing process on the front
                      electrode layer. The experimental work is supplemented by
                      rigorous optical simulations which allow to extract and vary
                      the parasitic absorption losses in the IRL by a variation of
                      the optical material properties. Furthermore, the cell
                      reflectance is studied by experiment and simulation for
                      different layer configurations. Our comparative study
                      reveals that the dominating parasitic losses are absorption
                      within the intermediate reflector and reflection out of the
                      solar cell. From this study, we show one possible solution
                      for advanced light management in tandem solar cells with
                      intermediate reflectors.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {121 - Solar cells of the next generation (POF3-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-121},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000395839400024},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.solmat.2017.01.010},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/827165},
}