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@INPROCEEDINGS{Lmmel:827321,
      author       = {Lämmel, Gregor and Chraibi, Mohcine and Kemloh Wagoum,
                      Armel Ulrich and Steffen, Bernhard},
      title        = {{H}ybrid {M}ultimodal and {I}ntermodal {T}ransport
                      {S}imulation: {C}ase {S}tudy on {L}arge-{S}cale {E}vacuation
                      {P}lanning},
      volume       = {2561},
      issn         = {0361-1981},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and
                      Medicine},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-01492},
      series       = {Transportation Research Record: Journal of the
                      Transportation Research Board},
      pages        = {1 - 8},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Transport simulation models exist on multiple scales, from
                      the simulated evacuation of a nightclub with a few hundred
                      guests to that of a transport hub such as a large train
                      station to the simulated evacuation of a megalopolis in case
                      of a tsunami. Depending on precision and complexity
                      requirements, continuous (e.g., force-based, velocity
                      obstacle–based), spatiotemporal discrete (e.g., cellular
                      automata), or queue models are applied. In general, the
                      finer the spatiotemporal resolution, the more precise are
                      the interactions captured between travelers (e.g.,
                      pedestrians or vehicles), but the computational burden
                      increases. The obvious approach to achieve higher
                      computational speeds is to reduce the physical complexity
                      (e.g., by using a queue model), which in turn reduces the
                      precision. One way to increase the computational speed while
                      retaining sufficient precision to make a reliable prognosis
                      is to combine models of different scale in a hybrid manner,
                      in which a finer model is applied where needed and a coarser
                      model where plausible. This paper discusses an application
                      of a hybrid simulation approach in the context of a
                      large-scale multimodal and intermodal evacuation scenario.
                      The presented case study investigates the feasibility of an
                      evacuation of parts of the city of Hamburg, Germany, in case
                      of a storm surge.},
      month         = {Jan},
      date          = {2016-01-09},
      organization  = {Transportation Research Board 95th
                       Annual Meeting, Washington D.C. (USA),
                       9 Jan 2016 - 14 Jan 2016},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {380},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)8 / PUB:(DE-HGF)7},
      UT           = {WOS:000392163000002},
      doi          = {10.3141/2561-01},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/827321},
}