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@ARTICLE{Qi:827656,
      author       = {Qi, Guanxiao and van Aerde, Karlijn and Abel, Ted and
                      Feldmeyer, Dirk},
      title        = {{A}denosine {D}ifferentially {M}odulates {S}ynaptic
                      {T}ransmission of {E}xcitatory and {I}nhibitory
                      {M}icrocircuits in {L}ayer 4 of {R}at {B}arrel {C}ortex},
      journal      = {Cerebral cortex},
      volume       = {27},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1460-2199},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-01770},
      pages        = {4411–4422},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Adenosine is considered to be a key regulator of sleep
                      homeostasis by promoting slow-wave sleep through inhibition
                      of the brain's arousal centers. However, little is known
                      about the effect of adenosine on neuronal network activity
                      at the cellular level in the neocortex. Here, we show that
                      adenosine differentially modulates synaptic transmission
                      between different types of neurons in cortical layer 4 (L4)
                      through activation of pre- and/or postsynaptically located
                      adenosine A1 receptors. In recurrent excitatory connections
                      between L4 spiny neurons, adenosine suppresses synaptic
                      transmission through activation of both pre- and
                      postsynaptic A1 receptors. In reciprocal excitatory and
                      inhibitory connections between L4 spiny neurons and
                      interneurons, adenosine strongly suppresses excitatory
                      transmission via activating presynaptic A1 receptors but
                      only slightly suppresses inhibitory transmission via
                      activating postsynaptic A1 receptors. Adenosine has no
                      effect on inhibitory transmission between L4 interneurons.
                      The effect of adenosine is concentration dependent and first
                      visible at a concentration of 1 μM. The effect of adenosine
                      is blocked by the specific A1 receptor antagonist,
                      8-cyclopentyltheophylline or the nonspecific adenosine
                      receptor antagonist, caffeine. By differentially affecting
                      excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission, adenosine
                      changes the excitation–inhibition balance and causes an
                      overall shift to lower excitability in L4 primary
                      somatosensory (barrel) cortical microcircuits.},
      cin          = {INM-2},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF3-571)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-571},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27522071},
      UT           = {WOS:000407847800010},
      doi          = {10.1093/cercor/bhw243},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/827656},
}