% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Wenninger:827699,
      author       = {Wenninger, R. and Albanese, R. and Ambrosino, R. and
                      Arbeiter, F. and Aubert, J. and Barbato, L. and Barrett, T.
                      and Beckers, M. and Biel, W. and Boccaccini, L. and
                      Carralero, D. and Coster, D. and Eich, T. and Fasoli, A. and
                      Federici, G. and Firdaouss, M. and Graves, J. and Horacek,
                      J. and Kovari, M. and Lanthaler, S. and Loschiavo, V. and
                      Lowry, C. and Lux, H. and Maddaluno, G. and Maviglia, F. and
                      Mitteau, R. and Neu, R. and Pfefferle, D. and Schmid, K. and
                      Siccinio, M. and Sieglin, B. and Silva, C. and Snicker, A.
                      and Subba, F. and Varje, J. and Zohm, H. and Bachmann, C.},
      title        = {{T}he {DEMO} wall load challenge},
      journal      = {Nuclear fusion},
      volume       = {57},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1741-4326},
      address      = {Vienna},
      publisher    = {IAEA},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-01812},
      pages        = {046002 -},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {For several reasons the challenge to keep the loads to the
                      first wall within engineering limits is substantially higher
                      in DEMO compared to ITER. Therefore the pre-conceptual
                      design development for DEMO that is currently ongoing in
                      Europe needs to be based on load estimates that are derived
                      employing the most recent plasma edge physics knowledge.An
                      initial assessment of the static wall heat load limit in
                      DEMO infers that the steady state peak heat flux limit on
                      the majority of the DEMO first wall should not be assumed to
                      be higher than 1.0 MW m−2. This compares to an average
                      wall heat load of 0.29 MW m−2 for the design ${\tt
                      {EU}}{\tt {~}}{\tt {DEMO1}}{\tt {~2015}}$ assuming a perfect
                      homogeneous distribution. The main part of this publication
                      concentrates on the development of first DEMO estimates for
                      charged particle, radiation, fast particle (all static) and
                      disruption heat loads. Employing an initial engineering wall
                      design with clear optimization potential in combination with
                      parameters for the flat-top phase (x-point configuration),
                      loads up to 7 MW m−2 (penalty factor for tolerances etc
                      not applied) have been calculated. Assuming a fraction of
                      power radiated from the x-point region between 1/5 and 1/3,
                      peaks of the total power flux density due to radiation of
                      0.6–0.8 MW m−2 are found in the outer baffle region.This
                      first review of wall loads, and the associated limits in
                      DEMO clearly underlines a significant challenge that
                      necessitates substantial engineering efforts as well as a
                      considerable consolidation of the associated physics basis.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174) / HITEC -
                      Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and
                      Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000405943600001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1741-4326/aa4fb4},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/827699},
}