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000827951 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFasbender, Stefan$$b0
000827951 245__ $$aUptake dynamics of graphene quantum dots into primary human blood cells following in vitro exposure
000827951 260__ $$aLondon$$bRSC Publishing$$c2017
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000827951 520__ $$aHuman leukocytes obtained from samples of leukapheresis products of three healthy donors stimulated by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) were exposed to graphene quantum dots. A time- and concentration dependent uptake was observed with a significantly greater uptake into monocytes and granulocytes in comparison to lymphocytes, suggesting a better incorporation ability of cells with phagocytotic properties. The uptake rates also correlate with the cell membrane area. Looking at the different lymphoid subsets a greater uptake was found into CD19+ B-, CD56+ natural killer cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in comparison to CD4+ T- and CD8+ T cells. Independent of the cell type studied, the observed uptake dynamics is consistent with a diffusion-driven process, which allows the determination of cell-specific membrane permeabilities for the graphene quantum dots. The toxicity of the quantum dots is relatively low resulting in a 90% viability of the entire leukocyte population after 36 hours of exposure to GQDs at a concentration of 500 μg ml−1.
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000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAllani, Sonja$$b1
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWimmenauer, Christian$$b2
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCadeddu, Ron-Patrick$$b3
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRaba, Katharina$$b4
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFischer, Johannes C.$$b5
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBulat, Bekir$$b6
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130811$$aLuysberg, Martina$$b7
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSeidel, Claus A. M.$$b8
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHeinzel, Thomas$$b9
000827951 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHaas, Rainer$$b10$$eCorresponding author
000827951 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2623224-8$$a10.1039/C6RA27829A$$gVol. 7, no. 20, p. 12208 - 12216$$n20$$p12208 - 12216$$tRSC Advances$$v7$$x2046-2069$$y2017
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