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@BOOK{Blgel:828764,
      author       = {Schäpers, Thomas},
      editor       = {Blügel, Stefan and Mokrousov, Yuriy and Ando, Yoichi},
      title        = {{T}opological {M}atter - {T}opological {I}nsulators,
                      {S}kyrmions and {M}ajoranas},
      volume       = {139},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-02620},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-202-3},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich. Reihe
                      Schlüsseltechnologien / Key Technologies},
      pages        = {getr. Zählung},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Condensed matter physics is currently undergoing a
                      revolution through the introduction of concepts arising from
                      topology that are used to characterize physical states,
                      fields and properties from a completely different
                      perspective. With the introduction of topology, the
                      perspective is changed from describing complex systems in
                      terms of local order parameters to a characterization by
                      global quantities, which are measured nonlocally and which
                      endow the systems with a global stability to perturbations.
                      Prominent examples are topological insulators, skyrmions and
                      Majorana fermions. Since topology translates into
                      quantization, and topological order to entanglement, this
                      ongoing revolution has impact on fields like mathematics,
                      materials science, nanoelectronics and quantum information
                      resulting in new device concepts enabling computations
                      without dissipation of energy or enabling the possibility of
                      realizing platforms for topological quantum computation, and
                      ultimately reaching out into applications. Thus, these new
                      exciting scientific developments and their applications are
                      closely related to the grand challenges in information and
                      communication technology and energy saving. Topology is the
                      branch of mathematics that deals with properties of spaces
                      that are invariant under smooth deformations. It provides
                      newly appreciated mathematical tools in condensed matter
                      physics that are currently revolutionizing the field of
                      quantum matter and materials. Topology dictates that if two
                      different Hamiltonians can be smoothly deformed into each
                      other they give rise to many common physical properties and
                      their states are homotopy invariant. Thus, topological
                      invariance, which is often protected by discrete symmetries,
                      provides some robustness that translates into the
                      quantization of properties; such a robust quantization
                      motivates the search and discovery of new topological
                      matter. So far, the mainstream of modern topological
                      condensed matter physics relies on two profoundly different
                      scenarios: the emergence of the complex topology either in
                      real space, as manifested e.g. in non-trivial magnetic
                      structures or in momentum space, finding its realization in
                      such materials as topological and Chern insulators. The
                      latter renowned class of solids attracted considerable
                      attention in recent years owing to its fascinating
                      properties of spin-momentum locking, emergence of
                      topologically protected surface/edge states governed by
                      Dirac physics, as well as the quantization of Hall
                      conductance and the discovery of the quantum spin Hall
                      effect. Historically, the discovery of topological
                      insulators gave rise to the discovery of a whole plethora of
                      topologically non-trivial materials such asWeyl semimetals
                      or topological superconductors, relevant in the context of
                      the realization of Majorana fermions and topological quantum
                      computation. [...]},
      month         = {Mar},
      date          = {2017-03-27},
      organization  = {Lecture Notes of the 48th IFF Spring
                       School 2017, Jülich (Germany), 27 Mar
                       2017 - 7 Apr 2017},
      cin          = {IAS-1 / PGI-1 / PGI-9 / ICS-1 / Neutronenstreuung ; JCNS-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-9-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-1-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF3-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)26},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/828764},
}