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@ARTICLE{Meister:828999,
      author       = {Meister, Paul and Jia, Haiping and Li, Jie and Kloepsch,
                      Richard and Winter, Martin and Placke, Tobias},
      title        = {{B}est {P}ractice: {P}erformance and {C}ost {E}valuation of
                      {L}ithium {I}on {B}attery {A}ctive {M}aterials with
                      {S}pecial {E}mphasis on {E}nergy {E}fficiency},
      journal      = {Chemistry of materials},
      volume       = {28},
      number       = {20},
      issn         = {1520-5002},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-02816},
      pages        = {7203 - 7217},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {In order to increase the energy content of lithium ion
                      batteries (LIBs), researchers worldwide focus on high
                      specific energy (Wh/kg) and energy density (Wh/L) anode and
                      cathode materials. However, most of the attention is
                      primarily paid to the specific gravimetric and/or volumetric
                      capacities of these materials, while other key parameters
                      are often neglected. For practical applications, in
                      particular for large size battery cells, the Coulombic
                      efficiency (CE), voltage efficiency (VE), and energy
                      efficiency (EE) have to be considered, which we point out in
                      this work by comparing numerous LIB active materials. For
                      all presented active materials, energy inefficiency is
                      mainly caused by a voltage inefficiency, which in turn is
                      affected by the voltage hysteresis between the charge and
                      discharge curves. Hence, this study could show that
                      materials with larger voltage hysteresis such as the ZnFe2O4
                      (ZFO) anode or the Li-rich cathode material exhibit also a
                      lower VE and EE than for instance graphite and
                      LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4. Furthermore, from the accumulated EE losses
                      the resulting “extra energy costs” are calculated based
                      on industry and domestic electricity costs in Germany, in
                      Japan and in the U.S.A. In particular, in countries with
                      higher electricity costs such as Germany, the accumulated
                      extra energy, which is necessary to compensate the energy
                      inefficiency while retaining a certain energy level in the
                      electrode material, has a stronger impact on the extra
                      energy costs and thus on the total cost of ownership of the
                      battery cell system.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000386421900006},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02895},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/828999},
}