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@ARTICLE{Beltrop:829004,
      author       = {Beltrop, Kolja and Meister, Paul and Klein, Sven and
                      Heckmann, Andreas and Grünebaum, Mariano and Wiemhöfer,
                      Hans-Dieter and Winter, Martin and Placke, Tobias},
      title        = {{D}oes {S}ize really {M}atter? {N}ew {I}nsights into the
                      {I}ntercalation {B}ehavior of {A}nions into a
                      {G}raphite-{B}ased {P}ositive {E}lectrode for {D}ual-{I}on
                      {B}atteries},
      journal      = {Electrochimica acta},
      volume       = {209},
      issn         = {0013-4686},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-02821},
      pages        = {44 - 55},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {There are many reports on electrochemical anion
                      intercalation into graphite using different types of
                      electrolyte mixtures for application in dual-graphite or
                      dual-ion cells, showing promising results in terms of
                      cycling stability, reversible capacity and Coulombic
                      efficiency. However, there is no clear understanding of the
                      influence of the anion/electrolyte characteristics on the
                      intercalation properties. In this work, we present a
                      comprehensive study of the intercalation behavior of a
                      series of imide-based ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes into a
                      graphite positive electrode with special emphasis on the
                      influence of anion size on the electrochemical parameters
                      such as the onset potential for anion uptake and the
                      reversible capacity. The onset potentials of anion
                      intercalation into graphite ranged between 4.42 V to 4.53 V
                      vs. Li/Li+ with the following descending order for the
                      studied anions: BETI > FSI > FTFSI > FSI/TFSI (molar ratio =
                      11:1) > TFSI > TFSI/FSI (molar ratio = 10:1). The
                      electrochemical results support the assumption that
                      electrolyte effects such as ion pair formation and
                      self-aggregation in the electrolyte overrule the influence
                      of the anion size (up to a certain point) in terms of the
                      onset potential for anion uptake. The charge/discharge
                      cycling performance was studied in view of reversible
                      capacity and Coulombic efficiency. In this context, the BETI
                      system shows only very poor intercalation ability whereas
                      the quaternary mixture TFSI/FSI displays a very promising
                      cycling behavior providing a specific capacity of ∼54 mAh
                      g−1 with a Coulombic efficiency exceeding $99\%.$
                      Furthermore, the characteristics of the different
                      imide-based electrolytes such as the oxidative stability
                      (TFSI > BETI > FTFSI > TFSI/FSI > FSI/TFSI > FSI) as well as
                      the influence on aluminum current collector dissolution were
                      studied to draw further conclusions about impact on the
                      Coulombic efficiency.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000379504600006},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.012},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829004},
}