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@ARTICLE{Elmenhorst:829311,
      author       = {Elmenhorst, David and Elmenhorst, Eva-Maria and Hennecke,
                      Eva and Kroll, Tina and Matusch, Andreas and Aeschbach,
                      Daniel and Bauer, Andreas},
      title        = {{R}ecovery sleep after extended wakefulness restores
                      elevated {A} 1 adenosine receptor availability in the human
                      brain},
      journal      = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
                      United States of America},
      volume       = {114},
      number       = {16},
      issn         = {1091-6490},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {National Acad. of Sciences},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-03031},
      pages        = {4243-4248/201614677},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Adenosine and functional A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR)
                      availability are supposed to mediate sleep–wake regulation
                      and cognitive performance. We hypothesized that cerebral
                      A1AR availability after an extended wake period decreases to
                      a well-rested state after recovery sleep. [18F]CPFPX
                      positron emission tomography was used to quantify A1AR
                      availability in 15 healthy male adults after 52 h of sleep
                      deprivation and following 14 h of recovery sleep. Data were
                      additionally compared with A1AR values after 8 h of baseline
                      sleep from an earlier dataset. Polysomnography, cognitive
                      performance, and sleepiness were monitored. Recovery from
                      sleep deprivation was associated with a decrease in A1AR
                      availability in several brain regions, ranging from $11\%$
                      (insula) to $14\%$ (striatum). A1AR availabilities after
                      recovery did not differ from baseline sleep in the control
                      group. The degree of performance impairment, sleepiness, and
                      homeostatic sleep-pressure response to sleep deprivation
                      correlated negatively with the decrease in A1AR
                      availability. Sleep deprivation resulted in a higher A1AR
                      availability in the human brain. The increase that was
                      observed after 52 h of wakefulness was restored to control
                      levels during a 14-h recovery sleep episode. Individuals
                      with a large increase in A1AR availability were more
                      resilient to sleep-loss effects than those with a subtle
                      increase. This pattern implies that differences in
                      endogenous adenosine and A1AR availability might be causal
                      for individual responses to sleep loss.},
      cin          = {INM-2},
      ddc          = {000},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF3-571)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-571},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000399387400069},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28373571},
      doi          = {10.1073/pnas.1614677114},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829311},
}