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@ARTICLE{Fetzer:829451,
      author       = {Fetzer, Thomas and Vanderborght, Jan and Mosthaf, Klaus and
                      Smits, Kathleen M. and Helmig, Rainer},
      title        = {{H}eat and water transport in soils and across the
                      soil-atmosphere interface: 2. {N}umerical analysis},
      journal      = {Water resources research},
      volume       = {53},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {0043-1397},
      address      = {[New York]},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-03150},
      pages        = {1080 - 1100},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {In an accompanying paper, we presented an overview of a
                      wide variety of modeling concepts, varying in complexity,
                      used to describe evaporation from soil. Using theoretical
                      analyses, we explained the simplifications and
                      parameterizations in the different approaches. In this
                      paper, we numerically evaluate the consequences of these
                      simplifications and parameterizations. Two sets of
                      simulations were performed. The first set investigates
                      lateral variations in vertical fluxes, which emerge from
                      both homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media, and their
                      importance to capturing evaporation behavior. When
                      evaporation decreases from parts of the heterogeneous soil
                      surface, lateral flow and transport processes in the free
                      flow and in the porous medium generate feedbacks that
                      enhance evaporation from wet surface areas. In the second
                      set of simulations, we assume that the vertical fluxes do
                      not vary considerably in the simulation domain and represent
                      the system using one-dimensional models which also consider
                      dynamic forcing of the evaporation process, for example, due
                      to diurnal variations in net radiation. Simulated
                      evaporation fluxes subjected to dynamic forcing differed
                      considerably between model concepts depending on how vapor
                      transport in the air phase and the interaction at the
                      interface between the free flow and porous medium were
                      represented or parameterized. However, simulated cumulative
                      evaporation losses from initially wet soil profiles were
                      very similar between model concepts and mainly controlled by
                      the desorptivity, Sevap, of the porous medium, which depends
                      mainly on the liquid flow properties of the porous medium.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000398568800006},
      doi          = {10.1002/2016WR019983},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829451},
}