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@ARTICLE{Hochberg:829475,
      author       = {Hochberg, Uri and Windt, Carel and Ponomarenko, Alexandre
                      and Zhang, Yong-Jiang and Gersony, Jessica and Rockwell,
                      Fulton E and Holbrook, N. Michele},
      title        = {{S}tomatal closure, basal leaf embolism and shedding
                      protect the hydraulic integrity of grape stems},
      journal      = {Plant physiology},
      volume       = {174},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {1532-2548},
      address      = {Rockville, Md.},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-03173},
      pages        = {764-775},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {The time scale of stomatal closure and xylem cavitation
                      during plant dehydration, as well as the fate of embolised
                      organs, is under debate, largely due to methodological
                      limitations in the evaluation of embolism. While some argue
                      that complete stomatal closure precedes the occurrence of
                      embolism, others believe that the two are contemporaneous
                      processes that are accompanied with daily xylem refilling.
                      Here we utilize an optical light transmission method, to
                      continuously monitor xylem cavitation in leaves of
                      dehydrating grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) in concert with
                      stomatal conductance and stem and petiole hydraulic
                      measurements. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to
                      continuously monitor xylem cavitation and flow rates in the
                      stem of an intact vine during 10 days of dehydration. The
                      results showed that complete stomatal closure preceded the
                      appearance of embolism in the leaves and the stem by several
                      days. Basal leaves were more vulnerable to xylem embolism
                      than apical leaves and, once embolised, were shed, thereby
                      preventing further water loss and protecting the hydraulic
                      integrity of younger leaves and the stem. As a result,
                      embolism in the stem was minimal even when drought led to
                      complete leaf shedding. These findings suggest that
                      grapevines avoid xylem embolism rather than tolerate it.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {580},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000403152200026},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28351909},
      doi          = {10.1104/pp.16.01816},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829475},
}