000829675 001__ 829675 000829675 005__ 20240712113050.0 000829675 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.04.078 000829675 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0378-7753 000829675 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1873-2755 000829675 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000402342700006 000829675 037__ $$aFZJ-2017-03333 000829675 082__ $$a620 000829675 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSchwieters, Timo$$b0 000829675 245__ $$aLithium loss in the solid electrolyte interphase: Lithium quantification of aged lithium ion battery graphite electrodes by means of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy 000829675 260__ $$aNew York, NY [u.a.]$$bElsevier$$c2017 000829675 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000829675 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000829675 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1493735892_11148 000829675 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000829675 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000829675 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000829675 520__ $$aIn this work we present a new method using LA-ICP-MS to quantitatively determine the lithium content in aged graphite electrodes of a lithium ion battery (LIB) by performing total depth profiling. Matrix matched solid external standards are prepared using a solid doping approach to avoid elemental fractionation effects during the measurement. The results are compared and matched to the established ICP-OES technique for bulk quantification after performing a microwave assisted acid digestion.The method is applied to aged graphite electrodes in order to determine the lithium immobilization (= “Li loss”) in the solid electrolyte interphase after the first cycle of formation. For this, different samples including a reference sample are created to obtain varying thicknesses of the SEI covering the electrode particles. By applying defined charging voltages, an initial lithiation process is performed to obtain specific graphite intercalation compounds (GICs, with target stoichiometries of LiC30, LiC18, LiC12 and LiC6). Afterwards, the graphite electrode is completely discharged to obtain samples without mobile, thus active lithium in its lattice. Taking the amount of lithium into account which originates from the residues of the LiPF6 (dissolved in the carbon components containing electrolyte), it is possible to subtract the amount of lithium in the SEI. 000829675 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131$$a131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)$$cPOF3-131$$fPOF III$$x0 000829675 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000829675 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aEvertz, Marco$$b1 000829675 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMense, Maximilian$$b2 000829675 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)166130$$aWinter, Martin$$b3$$ufzj 000829675 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aNowak, Sascha$$b4$$eCorresponding author 000829675 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1491915-1$$a10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.04.078$$gVol. 356, p. 47 - 55$$p47 - 55$$tJournal of power sources$$v356$$x0378-7753$$y2017 000829675 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829675/files/1-s2.0-S0378775317305748-main.pdf$$yRestricted 000829675 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829675/files/1-s2.0-S0378775317305748-main.gif?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yRestricted 000829675 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829675/files/1-s2.0-S0378775317305748-main.jpg?subformat=icon-1440$$xicon-1440$$yRestricted 000829675 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829675/files/1-s2.0-S0378775317305748-main.jpg?subformat=icon-180$$xicon-180$$yRestricted 000829675 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829675/files/1-s2.0-S0378775317305748-main.jpg?subformat=icon-640$$xicon-640$$yRestricted 000829675 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829675/files/1-s2.0-S0378775317305748-main.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa$$yRestricted 000829675 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:829675$$pVDB 000829675 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)166130$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b3$$kFZJ 000829675 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-130$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-100$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bEnergie$$lSpeicher und vernetzte Infrastrukturen$$vElectrochemical Storage$$x0 000829675 9141_ $$y2017 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bJ POWER SOURCES : 2015 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0310$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bNCBI Molecular Biology Database 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0600$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEbsco Academic Search 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bASC 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bThomson Reuters Master Journal List 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0110$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0111$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bCurrent Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1160$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bCurrent Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology 000829675 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9905$$2StatID$$aIF >= 5$$bJ POWER SOURCES : 2015 000829675 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217$$kIEK-12$$lHelmholtz-Institut Münster Ionenleiter für Energiespeicher$$x0 000829675 980__ $$ajournal 000829675 980__ $$aVDB 000829675 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217 000829675 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED 000829675 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IMD-4-20141217