% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@PHDTHESIS{Bornhfft:829763,
      author       = {Bornhöfft, Manuel},
      title        = {{TEM}/{STEM} {I}nvestigations of {P}hase {C}hange
                      {M}aterials for {N}on-volatile {M}emory {A}pplications},
      volume       = {47},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      type         = {Dr.},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-03397},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-221-4},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich. Reihe Information
                      / Information},
      pages        = {viii, 135 S.},
      year         = {2017},
      note         = {RWTH Aachen, Diss., 2017},
      abstract     = {Phase change materials are very interesting for future
                      information technology because of their possibility to
                      encode information in the readable difference of physical
                      properties between the crystalline and the amorphous phase.
                      Phase change materials are the dominant non-volatile memory
                      material used in rewritable optical memory. This includes
                      the current state of the art Blue-ray disc. Mobile computer
                      platforms like smart mobile phones, tablets and netbooks are
                      in need of energy and space efficient memory. Optical or
                      magnetic recording media do not meet these needs anymore.
                      Phase change materials used as non-volatile electronic
                      memories are promising candidates as competition for flash
                      memory. Flash memory is the current state of the art
                      electronic non-volatile memory. In addition, non-volatile
                      electronic applications as competition to Dynamic Random
                      Access Memory (DRAM) are possible because of the high
                      switching speeds of phase change materials. The key to the
                      successful application of phase change materials as
                      electronic non-volatile memory is the understanding of their
                      physical properties and especially their switching kinetics.
                      In the present work, transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
                      and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) were
                      used in a systematic manner to investigate the properties of
                      a variety of phase change materials. The crystal growth
                      velocities of grains growing in 30 nm thick amorphous layers
                      of the phase change materials
                      Ag$_{4}$In$_{3}$Sb$_{67}$Te$_{26}$ (AIST) and GeTe were
                      measured directly by TEM bright field imaging. Grains of the
                      measured materials were grown in a matrix of the amorphous
                      phase by ex situ heating. This is done for sputtered as
                      deposited material and material molten by laser which is
                      quenched to room temperature. Furthermore we investigated
                      lamellas of as deposited and melt quenched AIST and GeTe by
                      fluctuation electron microscopy (FEM). The comparison of
                      growth velocity and FEM data reveals that increasing medium
                      range order (MRO) leads to a decrease in growth velocity.
                      This is also related to different glassy states of the phase
                      change materials. [...]},
      cin          = {PGI-5},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-5-20110106},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF3-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829763},
}