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@PHDTHESIS{Teucher:829933,
      author       = {Teucher, Georg},
      title        = {{E}ntwicklung von elektronenleitenden {S}chutzschichten
                      gegen die anodische {A}uflösung von {S}tromsammlern in
                      neuartigen „{D}ual-{I}onen“-{E}nergiespeichern},
      volume       = {368},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      type         = {Dr.},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-03537},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-222-1},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {VIII, 120 S.},
      year         = {2017},
      note         = {RWTH Aachen, Diss., 2017},
      abstract     = {In times of the energy revolution, electrochemical storage
                      systems gain in importance to balance the fluctuating
                      electricity generation from renewable energies. Dual-ion
                      batteries represent a cost-efficient and environmentally
                      friendly concept for the application as stationary and local
                      energy storage system, because graphite is used as the only
                      material for both electrodes. In these batteries cations and
                      anions of a novel electrolyte intercalate simultaneously
                      into the graphite electrodes. This reversible principle
                      provides a cell voltage above 5 V. However the electrolyte
                      anions (bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide – TFSI-) do not
                      form a passivation layer in contact with the aluminum
                      current collector. Therefore further oxidation of the metal
                      surface is not prevented and leads to a degradation of the
                      current collector. Since even noble metals like gold are not
                      sufficiently electrochemically stable at such high
                      potentials, the aim is to develop an electronically
                      conductive ceramic layer to prevent the anodic dissolution
                      of the aluminum current collector. The applied sol-gel
                      process is easily scalable and enables the deposition of the
                      selected oxide ceramics using a few coating steps.
                      Necessarily, the deposited thin films need to be thermally
                      treated at a temperature below the melting temperature of
                      aluminum. Therefore aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) and
                      lanthanum doped strontium titanate (SLT) were selected as
                      materials since they crystallize at low temperatures. The
                      developed sol synthesis routes yielded appropriate sols with
                      good long-term stability and film formation properties. Even
                      on the rough surface of aluminum substrates homogenous
                      coatings were possible, after optimizing the wettability of
                      the surface by a pretreatment. Calcined thin films of both
                      materials showed single phase crystal structures and a
                      crack-free morphology of densely packed particles. However
                      the conductivity of SLT was too low for the application as
                      artificial protective coating and this material was not
                      considered further on. Electrochemical measurements showed a
                      significantly reduced anodic dissolution of aluminum for the
                      protected current collector. Furthermore it was observed,
                      that the protection effect increased with the homogeneity of
                      the protection layers. In additional tests, aluminum plates
                      were used to avoid typical cracking effects of the brittle
                      ceramic protection layer at the edge of the samples due to
                      mechanical stress. Using this setup, the electrochemical
                      stability of ZnO:Al and the protection effect of the layer
                      was demonstrated by a 120 times reduced anodic dissolution.
                      Herein the occurrence of only few corrosion spots indicated
                      that the corrosive attack of TFSI anions on the aluminum
                      surface was mainly prevented. In conclusion, the developed
                      protection layer will contribute to an improved dual-ion
                      cell by maintaining the contact of the aluminum current
                      collector to the positive electrode.},
      cin          = {IEK-1 / IEK-9},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/829933},
}