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@ARTICLE{Ehard:830220,
      author       = {Ehard, B. and Kaifler, B. and Dörnbrack, A. and Preusse,
                      Peter and Eckermann, S. and Bramberger, M. and Gisinger, S.
                      and Kaifler, N. and Liley, B. and Wagner, J. and Rapp, M.},
      title        = {{H}orizontal propagation of large amplitude mountain waves
                      in the vicinity of the polar night jet},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / Atmospheres},
      volume       = {122},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {0148-0227},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-03794},
      pages        = {1423 - 1436},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {We analyze a large-amplitude mountain wave event, which was
                      observed by a ground-based lidar above New Zealand between
                      31 July and 1 August 2014. Besides the lidar observations,
                      European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)
                      data, satellite observations, and ray tracing simulations
                      are utilized in this study. It is found that the propagation
                      of mountain waves into the middle atmosphere is influenced
                      by two different processes at different stages of the event.
                      At the beginning of the event, instabilities in a weak wind
                      layer cause wave breaking in the lower stratosphere. During
                      the course of the event the mountain waves propagate to
                      higher altitudes and are refracted southward toward the
                      polar night jet due to the strong meridional shear of the
                      zonal wind. As the waves propagate out of the observational
                      volume, the ground-based lidar observes no mountain waves in
                      the mesosphere. Ray tracing simulations indicate that the
                      mountain waves propagated to mesospheric altitudes south of
                      New Zealand where the polar night jet advected the waves
                      eastward. These results underline the importance of
                      considering horizontal propagation of gravity waves, e.g.,
                      when analyzing locally confined observations of gravity
                      waves.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000396119200003},
      doi          = {10.1002/2016JD025621},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/830220},
}