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@ARTICLE{Trempler:834560,
      author       = {Trempler, Ima and Schiffer, Anne-Marike and El-Sourani,
                      Nadiya and Ahlheim, Christiane and Fink, Gereon R. and
                      Schubotz, Ricarda I.},
      title        = {{F}rontostriatal {C}ontribution to the {I}nterplay of
                      {F}lexibility and {S}tability in {S}erial {P}rediction},
      journal      = {Journal of cognitive neuroscience},
      volume       = {29},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {1530-8898},
      address      = {Cambridge, Mass.},
      publisher    = {MIT Pr. Journals},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-04488},
      pages        = {298 - 309},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Surprising events may be relevant or irrelevant for
                      behavior, requiring either flexible adjustment or
                      stabilization of our model of the world and according
                      response strategies. Cognitive flexibility and stability in
                      response to environmental demands have been described as
                      separable cognitive states, associated with activity of
                      striatal and lateral prefrontal regions, respectively. It so
                      far remains unclear, however, whether these two states act
                      in an antagonistic fashion and which neural mechanisms
                      mediate the selection of respective responses, on the one
                      hand, and a transition between these states, on the other.
                      In this study, we tested whether the functional dichotomy
                      between striatal and prefrontal activity applies for the
                      separate functions of updating (in response to changes in
                      the environment, i.e., switches) and shielding (in response
                      to chance occurrences of events violating expectations,
                      i.e., drifts) of current predictions. We measured brain
                      activity using fMRI while 20 healthy participants performed
                      a task that required to serially predict upcoming items.
                      Switches between predictable sequences had to be indicated
                      via button press while sequence omissions (drifts) had to be
                      ignored. We further varied the probability of switches and
                      drifts to assess the neural network supporting the
                      transition between flexible and stable cognitive states as a
                      function of recent performance history in response to
                      environmental demands. Flexible switching between models was
                      associated with activation in medial pFC (BA 9 and BA 10),
                      whereas stable maintenance of the internal model
                      corresponded to activation in the lateral pFC (BA 6 and
                      inferior frontal gyrus). Our findings extend previous
                      studies on the interplay of flexibility and stability,
                      suggesting that different prefrontal regions are activated
                      by different types of prediction errors, dependent on their
                      behavioral requirements. Furthermore, we found that striatal
                      activation in response to switches and drifts was modulated
                      by participants' successful behavior toward these events,
                      suggesting the striatum to be responsible for response
                      selections following unpredicted stimuli. Finally, we
                      observed that the dopaminergic midbrain modulates the
                      transition between different cognitive states, thresholded
                      by participants' individual performance history in response
                      to temporal environmental demands},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {400},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000392229900008},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27626228},
      doi          = {10.1162/jocn_a_01040},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/834560},
}