TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beale, Steven
AU  - Reimer, Uwe
AU  - Froning, Dieter
AU  - Jasak, H.
AU  - Andersson, Martin
AU  - Pharoah, J. G.
AU  - Lehnert, Werner
TI  - Stability Issues for Fuel Cell Models in the Activation and Concentration Regimes
JO  - Journal of electrochemical energy conversion and storage
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
SN  - 2381-6872
CY  - New York, NY
PB  - ASME
M1  - FZJ-2017-04900
SP  - 041008 -
PY  - 2018
AB  - Code stability is a matter of concern for three-dimensional (3D) fuel cell models operating both at high current density and at high cell voltage. An idealized mathematical model of a fuel cell should converge for all potentiostatic or galvanostatic boundary conditions ranging from open circuit to closed circuit. Many fail to do so, due to (i) fuel or oxygen starvation causing divergence as local partial pressures and mass fractions of fuel or oxidant fall to near zero and (ii) nonlinearities in the Nernst and Butler–Volmer equations near open-circuit conditions. This paper describes in detail, specific numerical methods used to improve the stability of a previously existing fuel cell performance calculation procedure, at both low and high current densities. Four specific techniques are identified. A straight channel operating as a (i) solid oxide and (ii) polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is used to illustrate the efficacy of the modifications.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000447261700008
DO  - DOI:10.1115/1.4039858
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/835030
ER  -