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@ARTICLE{Tjarks:835100,
      author       = {Tjarks, Geert and Gibelhaus, Andrej and Lanzerath, Franz
                      and Müller, Martin and Bardow, André and Stolten, Detlef},
      title        = {{E}nergetically-optimal {PEM} {E}lectrolyzer {P}ressure in
                      {P}ower-to-{G}as {P}lants},
      journal      = {Applied energy},
      volume       = {218},
      issn         = {0306-2619},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-04968},
      pages        = {192 - 198},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Hydrogen production from renewable electricity in
                      power-to-gas concepts is promising for future energy storage
                      systems since hydrogen offers high energy density and can be
                      used emission free. Economically viable power-to-gas
                      applications require high efficiency and thus low specific
                      energy demand of the hydrogen production. Energy is required
                      for hydrogen production via water electrolysis, but also for
                      gas conditioning. Gas conditioning includes mechanical gas
                      compression to a defined storage pressure and gas drying to
                      purify the raw hydrogen. The energy demand of gas
                      conditioning can be reduced by operating pressurized
                      electrolyzers. However, pressurized operation increases the
                      energy demand of the electrolyzer. To determine the optimal
                      operating pressure of the electrolyzer, the overall
                      power-to-gas process has to be considered. In this paper,
                      the energy demand of the overall power-to-gas plants is
                      optimized considering compression and temperature swing
                      adsorption (TSA)-drying of hydrogen. It is shown that an
                      optimum pressure for each operating condition in the
                      electrolyzer in relation to the efficiency exists. This
                      optimal operating pressure depends on the current density in
                      the stack and the hydrogen storage pressure. When operating
                      the system with load adapted operating pressure efficiencies
                      between $55\%$ and $73\%$ for the whole power-to-gas plant
                      can be achieved.},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Electrolysis and Hydrogen (POF3-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000430994500017},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.02.155},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/835100},
}