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000835982 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWurden, G. A.$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000835982 245__ $$aLimiter observations during W7-X first plasmas
000835982 260__ $$aVienna$$bIAEA$$c2017
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000835982 520__ $$aDuring the first operational phase (referred to as OP1.1) of the new Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator, five poloidal graphite limiters were mounted on the inboard side of the vacuum vessel, one in each of the five toroidal modules which form the W7-X vacuum vessel. Each limiter consisted of nine specially shaped graphite tiles, designed to conform to the last closed field line geometry in the bean-shaped section of the standard OP1.1 magnetic field configuration (Sunn Pedersen et al 2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 126001). We observed the limiters with multiple infrared and visible camera systems, as well as filtered photomultipliers. Power loads are calculated from infrared (IR) temperature measurements using THEODOR, and heating patterns (dual stripes) compare well with field line mapping and EMC3-EIRENE predictions. While the poloidal symmetry of the heat loads was excellent, the toroidal heating pattern showed up to a factor of 2×  variation, with peak heat loads on Limiter 1. The total power intercepted by the limiters was up to ~60% of the input ECRH heating power. Calorimetry using bulk tile heating (measured via post-shot IR thermography) on Limiter 3 showed a difference between short high power discharges, and longer lower power ones, with regards to the fraction of energy deposited on the limiters. Finally, fast heating transients, with frequency  >1 kHz were detected, and their visibility was enhanced by the presence of surface coatings which developed on the limiters by the end of the campaign.
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000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBiedermann, C.$$b1
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)137057$$aEffenberg, F.$$b2
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aJakubowski, M.$$b3
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aNiemann, H.$$b4
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aStephey, L.$$b5
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBozhenkov, S.$$b6
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129976$$aBrezinsek, S.$$b7$$eCorresponding author
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFellinger, J.$$b8
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCannas, B.$$b9
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPisano, F.$$b10
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMarsen, S.$$b11
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLaqua, H. P.$$b12
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHarris, J. H.$$b13
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aUnterberg, E. A.$$b14
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKönig, R.$$b15
000835982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSchmitz, O.$$b16
000835982 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2037980-8$$a10.1088/1741-4326/aa6609$$gVol. 57, no. 5, p. 056036 -$$n5$$p056036 $$tNuclear fusion$$v57$$x1741-4326$$y2017
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