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@ARTICLE{Gierse:836033,
      author       = {Gierse, N. and Coenen, J. W. and Thomser, C. and Panin, A.
                      and Linsmeier, Ch. and Unterberg, B. and Philipps, V.},
      title        = {{C}onceptual study of ferromagnetic pebbles for heat
                      exhaust in fusion reactors with short power decay length},
      journal      = {Nuclear materials and energy},
      volume       = {2},
      issn         = {2352-1791},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-05158},
      pages        = {12 - 19},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Ferromagnetic pebbles are investigated as high heat flux
                      (q∥) plasma facing components in fusion devices with short
                      power decay length (λq) on a conceptual level. The ability
                      of a pebble concept to cope with high heat fluxes is
                      retained and extended by the acceleration of ferromagnetic
                      pebbles in magnetic fields. An alloying concept suited for
                      fusion application is outlined and the compatibility of
                      ferromagnetic pebbles with plasma operation is
                      discussed.Steel grade 1.4510 is chosen as a well
                      characterized candidate material to perform an analysis of
                      the heating process. Scaling relationships as a function of
                      q∥ for maximum and optimal pebble diameter, allowed
                      exposure time, and removal time safety margin are obtained
                      numerically for spherical pebble geometry. The acceleration
                      of ferromagnetic pebbles in a tokamak resulting from
                      magnetic gradients is studied and operation parameters for
                      an ITER-based reactor are outlined. Counter-intuitively, it
                      is found that ferromagnetic pebbles perform better for
                      narrow λq profiles, making them an attractive heat exhaust
                      concept for next step devices and thus an option to be
                      investigated in detail.The key results of this study are
                      that very high heat fluxes are accessible in the operation
                      space of ferromagnetic pebbles, that ferromagnetic pebbles
                      are compatible with tokamak operation and current divertor
                      designs, that the heat removal capability of ferromagnetic
                      pebbles increases as λq decreases and, finally, that for
                      fusion relevant values of q∥ pebble diameters below 100
                      μm are required.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000218443500002},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nme.2015.01.001},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/836033},
}