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@ARTICLE{Zhang:836056,
      author       = {Zhang, Xin and Bol, Roland and Rahn, Clive and Xiao,
                      Guangmin and Meng, Fanqiao and Wu, Wenliang},
      title        = {{A}gricultural sustainable intensification improved
                      nitrogen use efficiency and maintained high crop yield
                      during 1980–2014 in {N}orthern {C}hina},
      journal      = {The science of the total environment},
      volume       = {596-597},
      issn         = {0048-9697},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-05180},
      pages        = {61 - 68},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Global population increase will require rapid increase of
                      food production from existing agricultural land by 2050,
                      which will inevitably mean the increase of agricultural
                      productivity. Due to agricultural sustainable
                      intensification since the 1990s, crop production in Huantai
                      County of northern China has risen to 15 t ha− 1 yr− 1
                      for the annual wheat–maize rotation system. We examined
                      the temporal dynamics of nitrogen (N) budget, N losses, and
                      N use efficiency (NUE) during the 35 years (1980–2014) in
                      Huantai. The results revealed that atmospheric N deposition
                      increased $220\%$ while reactive N losses decreased by
                      $21.5\%$ from 1980s to 2010s. During 1980–2002, annual N
                      partial factor productivity (PFPN), apparent NUE and N
                      recovery efficiency (REN) increased from 20.3 to 40.7 kg
                      grain kg− 1 Nfert, from $36.5\%$ to $71.0\%,$ and from
                      $32.4\%$ to $57.7\%,$ respectively; meanwhile, reactive N
                      losses intensity, land use intensity and N use intensity
                      decreased by $69.8\%,$ $53.4\%,$ $50.0\%,$ respectively, but
                      without further significant changes after 2002. Overall
                      increases in NUE and decreases in N losses were largely due
                      to the introduction of optimized fertilization practice,
                      mechanization and increased incorporation of crop straw in
                      Huantai. Straw incorporation was also significant in soil N
                      stock accrual and fertility improvement. By 2030, northern
                      China may reach the lowest end of PFPN values in developed
                      countries (> 45 kg grain kg− 1 Nfert). These agricultural
                      sustainable intensification practices will be critical in
                      maintaining high grain yields and associated decreases in
                      environmental pollution, although water use efficiency in
                      the region still needs to be improved.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000401557600008},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28415005},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.064},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/836056},
}