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@ARTICLE{Guillemaut:836177,
      author       = {Guillemaut, C. and Jardin, A. and Horacek, J. and
                      Autricque, A. and Arnoux, G. and Boom, J. and Brezinsek, S.
                      and Coenen, J. W. and De La Luna, E. and Devaux, S. and
                      Eich, T. and Giroud, C. and Harting, D. and Kirschner, A.
                      and Lipschultz, B. and Matthews, G. F. and Moulton, D. and
                      O’Mullane, M. and Stamp, M.},
      title        = {{I}on target impact energy during {T}ype {I} edge localized
                      modes in {JET} {ITER}-like {W}all},
      journal      = {Plasma physics and controlled fusion},
      volume       = {57},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {1361-6587},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-05300},
      pages        = {085006},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The ITER baseline scenario, with 500 MW of DT fusion
                      power and Q = 10, will rely on a Type I ELMy H-mode, with
                      ΔW = 0.7 MJ mitigated edge localized modes (ELMs).
                      Tungsten (W) is the material now decided for the divertor
                      plasma-facing components from the start of plasma
                      operations. W atoms sputtered from divertor targets during
                      ELMs are expected to be the dominant source under the
                      partially detached divertor conditions required for safe
                      ITER operation. W impurity concentration in the plasma core
                      can dramatically degrade its performance and lead to
                      potentially damaging disruptions. Understanding the physics
                      of plasma-wall interaction during ELMs is important and a
                      primary input for this is the energy of incoming ions during
                      an ELM event. In this paper, coupled Infrared thermography
                      and Langmuir Probe (LP) measurements in JET-ITER-Like-Wall
                      unseeded H-mode experiments with ITER relevant ELM energy
                      drop have been used to estimate the impact energy of
                      deuterium ions (D+) on the divertor target. This analysis
                      gives an ion energy of several keV during ELMs, which makes
                      D+ responsible for most of the W sputtering in unseeded
                      H-mode discharges. These LP measurements were possible
                      because of the low electron temperature (Te) during ELMs
                      which allowed saturation of the ion current. Although at
                      first sight surprising, the observation of low Te at the
                      divertor target during ELMs is consistent with the
                      'Free-Streaming' kinetic model which predicts a
                      near-complete transfer of parallel energy from electrons to
                      ions in order to maintain quasi-neutrality of the ELM
                      filaments while they are transported to the divertor
                      targets.},
      cin          = {IEK-4 / ZEA-2},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000359233000006},
      doi          = {10.1088/0741-3335/57/8/085006},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/836177},
}