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@ARTICLE{Wolf:836404,
author = {Wolf, R. C. and Ali, A. and Alonso, A. and Baldzuhn, J. and
Beidler, C. and Beurskens, M. and Biedermann, C. and Bosch,
H.-S. and Bozhenkov, S. and Brakel, R. and Dinklage, A. and
Feng, Y. and Fuchert, G. and Geiger, J. and Grulke, O. and
Helander, P. and Hirsch, M. and Höfel, U. and Jakubowski,
M. and Knauer, J. and Kocsis, G. and König, R. and
Kornejew, P. and Krämer-Flecken, A. and Krychowiak, M. and
Landreman, M. and Langenberg, A. and Laqua, H. P. and
Lazerson, S. and Maaßberg, H. and Marsen, S. and
Marushchenko, M. and Moseev, D. and Niemann, H. and Pablant,
N. and Pasch, E. and Rahbarnia, K. and Schlisio, G. and
Stange, T. and Sunn Pedersen, T. and Svensson, J. and
Szepesi, T. and Trimino Mora, H. and Turkin, Y. and Wauters,
T. and Weir, G. and Wenzel, U. and Windisch, T. and Wurden,
G. and Zhang, D. and Abramovic, I. and Äkäslompolo, S. and
Aleynikov, P. and Aleynikova, K. and Alzbutas, R. and Anda,
G. and Andreeva, T. and Ascasibar, E. and Assmann, J. and
Baek, S.-G. and Banduch, M. and Barbui, T. and Barlak, M.
and Baumann, K. and Behr, W. and Benndorf, A. and Bertuch,
O. and Biel, W. and Birus, D. and Blackwell, B. and Blanco,
E. and Blatzheim, M. and Bluhm, T. and Böckenhoff, D. and
Bolgert, P. and Borchardt, M. and Borsuk, V. and Boscary, J.
and Böttger, L.-G. and Brand, H. and Brandt, Ch. and
Bräuer, T. and Braune, H. and Brezinsek, S. and Brunner,
K.-J. and Brünner, B. and Burhenn, R. and Buttenschön, B.
and Bykov, V. and Calvo, I. and Cannas, B. and Cappa, A. and
Carls, A. and Carraro, L. and Carvalho, B. and Castejon, F.
and Charl, A. and Chernyshev, F. and Cianciosa, M. and
Citarella, R. and Ciupiński, Ł. and Claps, G. and Cole, M.
and Cole, M. J. and Cordella, F. and Cseh, G. and Czarnecka,
A. and Czermak, A. and Czerski, K. and Czerwinski, M. and
Czymek, G. and da Molin, A. and da Silva, A. and Dammertz,
G. and Danielson, J. and de la Pena, A. and Degenkolbe, S.
and Denner, P. and Dhard, D. P. and Dostal, M. and Drevlak,
M. and Drewelow, P. and Drews, Ph. and Dudek, A. and
Dundulis, G. and Durodie, F. and van Eeten, P. and
Effenberg, F. and Ehrke, G. and Endler, M. and Ennis, D. and
Erckmann, E. and Esteban, H. and Estrada, T. and Fahrenkamp,
N. and Feist, J.-H. and Fellinger, J. and Fernandes, H. and
Fietz, W. H. and Figacz, W. and Fontdecaba, J. and Ford, O.
and Fornal, T. and Frerichs, H. and Freund, A. and Führer,
M. and Funaba, T. and Galkowski, A. and Gantenbein, G. and
Gao, Y. and García Regaña, J. and Garcia-Munoz, M. and
Gates, D. and Gawlik, G. and Geiger, B. and Giannella, V.
and Gierse, N. and Gogoleva, A. and Goncalves, B. and
Goriaev, A. and Gradic, D. and Grahl, M. and Green, J. and
Grosman, A. and Grote, H. and Gruca, M. and Guerard, C. and
Haiduk, L. and Han, X. and Harberts, F. and Harris, J. H.
and Hartfuß, H.-J. and Hartmann, D. and Hathiramani, D. and
Hein, B. and Heinemann, B. and Heitzenroeder, P. and
Henneberg, S. and Hennig, C. and Hernandez Sanchez, J. and
Hidalgo, C. and Hölbe, H. and Hollfeld, K. P. and Hölting,
A. and Höschen, D. and Houry, M. and Howard, J. and Huang,
X. and Huber, M. and Huber, V. and Hunger, H. and Ida, K.
and Ilkei, T. and Illy, S. and Israeli, B. and Ivanov, A.
and Jablonski, S. and Jagielski, J. and Jelonnek, J. and
Jenzsch, H. and Junghans, P. and Kacmarczyk, J. and
Kaliatka, T. and Kallmeyer, J.-P. and Kamionka, U. and
Karalevicius, R. and Kasahara, H. and Kasparek, W. and
Kenmochi, N. and Keunecke, M. and Khilchenko, A. and Kinna,
D. and Kleiber, R. and Klinger, T. and Knaup, M. and Kobarg,
Th. and Köchl, F. and Kolesnichenko, Y. and Könies, A. and
Köppen, M. and Koshurinov, J. and Koslowski, R. and
Köster, F. and Koziol, R. and Krämer, M. and Krampitz, R.
and Kraszewsk, P. and Krawczyk, N. and Kremeyer, T. and
Krings, Th. and Krom, J. and Krzesinski, G. and Ksiazek, I.
and Kubkowska, M. and Kühner, G. and Kurki-Suonio, T. and
Kwak, S. and Lang, R. and Langish, S. and Laqua, H. and
Laube, R. and Lechte, C. and Lennartz, M. and Leonhardt, W.
and Lewerentz, L. and Liang, Y. and Linsmeier, Ch. and Liu,
S. and Lobsien, J.-F. and Loesser, D. and Loizu Cisquella,
J. and Lore, J. and Lorenz, A. and Losert, M. and Lubyako,
L. and Lücke, A. and Lumsdaine, A. and Lutsenko, V. and
Majano-Brown, J. and Marchuk, O. and Mardenfeld, M. and
Marek, P. and Massidda, S. and Masuzaki, S. and Maurer, D.
and McCarthy, K. and McNeely, P. and Meier, A. and Mellein,
D. and Mendelevitch, B. and Mertens, Ph. and Mikkelsen, D.
and Mishchenko, O. and Missal, B. and Mittelstaedt, J. and
Mizuuchi, T. and Mollen, A. and Moncada, V. and Mönnich, T.
and Morizaki, T. and Munk, R. and Murakami, S. and Musielok,
F. and Náfrádi, G. and Nagel, M. and Naujoks, D. and
Neilson, H. and Neubauer, O. and Neuner, U. and Ngo, T. and
Nocentini, R. and Nührenberg, C. and Nührenberg, J. and
Obermayer, S. and Offermanns, G. and Ogawa, K. and Ongena,
J. and Oosterbeek, J. W. and Orozco, G. and Otte, M. and
Pacios Rodriguez, L. and Pan, W. and Panadero, N. and
Panadero Alvarez, N. and Panin, A. and Papenfuß, D. and
Paqay, S. and Pavone, A. and Pawelec, E. and Pelka, G. and
Peng, X. and Perseo, V. and Peterson, B. and Pieper, A. and
Pilopp, D. and Pingel, S. and Pisano, F. and Plaum, B. and
Plunk, G. and Povilaitis, M. and Preinhaelter, J. and Proll,
J. and Puiatti, M.-E. and Puig Sitjes, A. and Purps, F. and
Rack, M. and Récsei, S. and Reiman, A. and Reiter, D. and
Remppel, F. and Renard, S. and Riedl, R. and Riemann, J. and
Rimkevicius, S. and Riße, K. and Rodatos, A. and
Röhlinger, H. and Romé, M. and Rong, P. and Roscher, H.-J.
and Roth, B. and Rudischhauser, L. and Rummel, K. and
Rummel, T. and Runov, A. and Rust, N. and Ryc, L. and
Ryosuke, S. and Sakamoto, R. and Samartsev, A. and Sanchez,
M. and Sano, F. and Satake, S. and Satheeswaran, G. and
Schacht, J. and Schauer, F. and Scherer, T. and Schlaich, A.
and Schlüter, K.-H. and Schmitt, J. and Schmitz, H. and
Schmitz, O. and Schmuck, S. and Schneider, M. and Schneider,
W. and Scholz, M. and Scholz, P. and Schrittwieser, R. and
Schröder, M. and Schröder, T. and Schroeder, R. and
Schumacher, H. and Schweer, B. and Shanahan, B. and
Shikhovtsev, I. V. and Sibilia, M. and Sinha, P. and
Sipliä, S. and Skodzik, J. and Slaby, C. and Smith, H. and
Spiess, W. and Spong, D. A. and Spring, A. and Stadler, R.
and Standley, B. and Stephey, L. and Stoneking, M. and
Stridde, U. and Sulek, Z. and Surko, C. and Suzuki, Y. and
Szabó, V. and Szabolics, T. and Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z. and
Tamura, N. and Terra, A. and Terry, J. and Thomas, J. and
Thomsen, H. and Thumm, M. and von Thun, C. P. and
Timmermann, D. and Titus, P. and Toi, K. and Travere, J. M.
and Traverso, P. and Tretter, J. and Tsuchiya, H. and
Tsujimura, T. and Tulipán, S. and Turnyanskiy, M. and
Unterberg, B. and Urban, J. and Urbonavicius, E. and
Vakulchyk, I. and Valet, S. and van Millingen, B. and Vela,
L. and Velasco, J.-L. and Vergote, M. and Vervier, M. and
Vianello, N. and Viebke, H. and Vilbrandt, R. and
Vorkörper, A. and Wadle, S. and Wagner, F. and Wang, E. and
Wang, N. and Warmer, F. and Wegener, L. and Weggen, J. and
Wei, Y. and Wendorf, J. and Werner, A. and Wiegel, B. and
Wilde, F. and Winkler, E. and Winters, V. and Wolf, S. and
Wolowski, J. and Wright, A. and Xanthopoulos, P. and Yamada,
H. and Yamada, I. and Yasuhara, R. and Yokoyama, M. and
Zajac, J. and Zarnstorff, M. and Zeitler, A. and Zhang, H.
and Zhu, J. and Zilker, M. and Zimbal, A. and Zocco, A. and
Zoletnik, S. and Zuin, M.},
title = {{M}ajor results from the first plasma campaign of the
{W}endelstein 7-{X} stellarator},
journal = {Nuclear fusion},
volume = {57},
number = {10},
issn = {1741-4326},
address = {Vienna},
publisher = {IAEA},
reportid = {FZJ-2017-05525},
pages = {102020 -},
year = {2017},
abstract = {After completing the main construction phase of Wendelstein
7-X (W7-X) and successfully commissioning the device, first
plasma operation started at the end of 2015. Integral
commissioning of plasma start-up and operation using
electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and an extensive
set of plasma diagnostics have been completed, allowing
initial physics studies during the first operational
campaign. Both in helium and hydrogen, plasma breakdown was
easily achieved. Gaining experience with plasma vessel
conditioning, discharge lengths could be extended gradually.
Eventually, discharges lasted up to 6 s, reaching an
injected energy of 4 MJ, which is twice the limit originally
agreed for the limiter configuration employed during the
first operational campaign. At power levels of 4 MW central
electron densities reached 3 × 1019 m−3,
central electron temperatures reached values of 7 keV and
ion temperatures reached just above 2 keV. Important
physics studies during this first operational phase include
a first assessment of power balance and energy confinement,
ECRH power deposition experiments, 2nd harmonic O-mode ECRH
using multi-pass absorption, and current drive experiments
using electron cyclotron current drive. As in many plasma
discharges the electron temperature exceeds the ion
temperature significantly, these plasmas are governed by
core electron root confinement showing a strong positive
electric field in the plasma centre.},
cin = {IEK-4 / ZEA-1},
ddc = {530},
cid = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-1-20090406},
pnm = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174) / HITEC -
Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and
Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
UT = {WOS:000425867300001},
doi = {10.1088/1741-4326/aa770d},
url = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/836404},
}
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