% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Derstroff:836874,
      author       = {Derstroff, Bettina and Hüser, Imke and Bourtsoukidis,
                      Efstratios and Crowley, John N. and Fischer, Horst and
                      Gromov, Sergey and Harder, Hartwig and Janssen, Ruud H. H.
                      and Kesselmeier, Jürgen and Lelieveld, Jos and Mallik,
                      Chinmay and Martinez, Monica and Novelli, Anna and
                      Parchatka, Uwe and Phillips, Gavin J. and Sander, Rolf and
                      Sauvage, Carina and Schuladen, Jan and Stönner, Christof
                      and Tomsche, Laura and Williams, Jonathan},
      title        = {{V}olatile organic compounds ({VOC}s) in photochemically
                      aged air from the eastern and western {M}editerranean},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {17},
      number       = {15},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-05910},
      pages        = {9547 - 9566},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {During the summertime CYPHEX campaign (CYprus PHotochemical
                      EXperiment 2014) in the eastern Mediterranean, multiple
                      volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured from a
                      650 m hilltop site in western Cyprus
                      (34° 57′ N/32° 23′ E). Periodic shifts in the
                      northerly Etesian winds resulted in the site being
                      alternately impacted by photochemically processed emissions
                      from western (Spain, France, Italy) and eastern (Turkey,
                      Greece) Europe. Furthermore, the site was situated within
                      the residual layer/free troposphere during some nights which
                      were characterized by high ozone and low relative humidity
                      levels. In this study we examine the temporal variation of
                      VOCs at the site. The sparse Mediterranean scrub vegetation
                      generated diel cycles in the reactive biogenic hydrocarbon
                      isoprene, from very low values at night to a diurnal median
                      level of 80–100 pptv. In contrast, the oxygenated
                      volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) methanol and acetone
                      exhibited weak diel cycles and were approximately an order
                      of magnitude higher in mixing ratio (ca. 2.5–3 ppbv
                      median level by day, range: ca. 1–8 ppbv) than the
                      locally emitted isoprene and aromatic compounds such as
                      benzene and toluene. Acetic acid was present at mixing
                      ratios between 0.05 and 4 ppbv with a median level of ca.
                      1.2 ppbv during the daytime. When data points directly
                      affected by the residual layer/free troposphere were
                      excluded, the acid followed a pronounced diel cycle, which
                      was influenced by various local effects including
                      photochemical production and loss, direct emission, dry
                      deposition and scavenging from advecting air in fog banks.
                      The Lagrangian model FLEXPART was used to determine
                      transport patterns and photochemical processing times
                      (between 12 h and several days) of air masses originating
                      from eastern and western Europe. Ozone and many OVOC levels
                      were  ∼  20 and $ ∼  30–60 \%$ higher,
                      respectively, in air arriving from the east. Using the
                      FLEXPART calculated transport time, the contribution of
                      photochemical processing, sea surface contact and dilution
                      was estimated. Methanol and acetone decreased with residence
                      time in the marine boundary layer (MBL) with loss rate
                      constants of 0.74 and 0.53 day−1 from eastern Europe and
                      0.70 and 0.34 day−1 from western Europe, respectively.
                      Simulations using the EMAC model underestimate these loss
                      rates. The missing sink in the calculation is most probably
                      an oceanic uptake enhanced by microbial consumption of
                      methanol and acetone, although the temporal and spatial
                      variability in the source strength on the continents might
                      play a role as well. Correlations between acetone and
                      methanol were weaker in western air masses
                      (r2  =  0.68), but were stronger in air masses
                      measured after the shorter transport time from the east
                      (r2  =  0.73).},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000407386800001},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-17-9547-2017},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/836874},
}