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@ARTICLE{Hirai:836978,
      author       = {Hirai, T. and Panayotis, S. and Barabash, V. and Amzallag,
                      C. and Escourbiac, F. and Durocher, A. and Merola, M. and
                      Linke, J. and Loewenhoff, Th. and Pintsuk, G. and Wirtz, M.
                      and Uytdenhouwen, I.},
      title        = {{U}se of {T}ungsten {M}aterial for the {ITER} {D}ivertor},
      journal      = {Nuclear materials and energy},
      volume       = {9},
      issn         = {2352-1791},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-06000},
      pages        = {616 - 622},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Since the ITER divertor design includes tungsten monoblocks
                      in the vertical target where heat loads are maximal, the
                      design to protect leading edges as well as technology $R\&D$
                      for high performance armor-heat sink joint were necessary to
                      be implemented. In the $R\&D,$ the availability of the
                      technology was demonstrated by high heat flux test of
                      tungsten monoblock components. Not systematically but
                      frequently macro-cracks appeared at the middle of monoblocks
                      after 20 MW/m2 loading. The initiation of such macro-cracks
                      was considered to be due to cyclic exposure to high
                      temperature, ∼2000 °C, where creep, recrystallization and
                      low cycle fatigue were concerned. To understand correlation
                      between the macro-crack appearance and mechanical properties
                      and possible update of acceptance criteria in the material
                      specification, an activity to characterize the tungsten
                      monoblocks was launched.},
      cin          = {IEK-2 / IEK-4},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nme.2016.07.003},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/836978},
}