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@ARTICLE{Zilles:838055,
      author       = {Zilles, Karl and Palomero-Gallagher, Nicola},
      title        = {{M}ultiple {T}ransmitter {R}eceptors in {R}egions and
                      {L}ayers of the {H}uman {C}erebral {C}ortex},
      journal      = {Frontiers in neuroanatomy},
      volume       = {11},
      issn         = {1662-5129},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-06794},
      pages        = {78},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {We measured the densities (fmol/mg protein) of 15 different
                      receptors of various transmitter systems in the
                      supragranular, granular and infragranular strata of 44 areas
                      of visual, somatosensory, auditory and multimodal
                      association systems of the human cerebral cortex. Receptor
                      densities were obtained after labeling of the receptors
                      using quantitative in vitro receptor autoradiography in
                      human postmortem brains. The mean density of each receptor
                      type over all cortical layers and of each of the three major
                      strata varies between cortical regions. In a single cortical
                      area, the multi-receptor fingerprints of its strata (i.e.,
                      polar plots, each visualizing the densities of multiple
                      different receptor types in supragranular, granular or
                      infragranular layers of the same cortical area) differ in
                      shape and size indicating regional and laminar specific
                      balances between the receptors. Furthermore, the three
                      strata are clearly segregated into well definable clusters
                      by their receptor fingerprints. Fingerprints of different
                      cortical areas systematically vary between functional
                      networks, and with the hierarchical levels within sensory
                      systems. Primary sensory areas are clearly separated from
                      all other cortical areas particularly by their very high
                      muscarinic M2 and nicotinic α4β2 receptor densities, and
                      to a lesser degree also by noradrenergic α2 and
                      serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors. Early visual areas of the
                      dorsal and ventral streams are segregated by their
                      multi-receptor fingerprints. The results are discussed on
                      the background of functional segregation, cortical
                      hierarchies, microstructural types, and the horizontal
                      (layers) and vertical (columns) organization in the cerebral
                      cortex. We conclude that a cortical column is composed of
                      segments, which can be assigned to the cortical strata. The
                      segments differ by their patterns of multi-receptor
                      balances, indicating different layer-specific signal
                      processing mechanisms. Additionally, the differences between
                      the strata-and area-specific fingerprints of the 44 areas
                      reflect the segregation of the cerebral cortex into
                      functionally and topographically definable groups of
                      cortical areas (visual, auditory, somatosensory, limbic,
                      motor), and reveals their hierarchical position (primary and
                      unimodal (early) sensory to higher sensory and finally to
                      multimodal association areas).},
      cin          = {INM-1},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-1-20090406},
      pnm          = {571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF3-571) / HBP SGA1 -
                      Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 1 (720270)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-571 / G:(EU-Grant)720270},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000411238900001},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28970785},
      doi          = {10.3389/fnana.2017.00078},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/838055},
}