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@ARTICLE{Buzi:838176,
      author       = {Buzi, L. and De Temmerman, G. and Matveev, D. and Reinhart,
                      M. and Schwarz-Selinger, T. and Rasinski, M. and Unterberg,
                      B. and Linsmeier, Ch. and Van Oost, G.},
      title        = {{S}urface modifications and deuterium retention in
                      polycrystalline and single crystal tungsten as a function of
                      particle flux and temperature},
      journal      = {Journal of nuclear materials},
      volume       = {495},
      issn         = {0022-3115},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-06850},
      pages        = {211 - 219},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {The effects of particle flux and exposure temperature on
                      surface modifications and deuterium (D) retention were
                      systematically investigated on four different tungsten (W)
                      microstructures. As-received, recrystallized, and single
                      crystal W samples were exposed to D plasmas at surface
                      temperatures of 530–1170 K. Two different ranges of D ion
                      fluxes (1022 and 1024 D+m−2s−1) were used with the ion
                      energy of 40 eV and particle fluence of 1026 D+m−2.
                      Increasing the particle flux by two orders of magnitude
                      caused blister formation and D retention even at
                      temperatures above 700 K. The main effect of increasing the
                      particle flux on total D retention was the shifting of
                      temperature at which the retention was maximal towards
                      higher temperatures. Diffusion-trapping simulations were
                      used to fit the thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS)
                      release peaks of D, yielding one or two types of trapping
                      sites with de-trapping energies around 2 eV},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000413594400025},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.08.026},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/838176},
}