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@ARTICLE{Schultz:838783,
      author       = {Schultz, Martin G. and Stadtler, Scarlet and Schröder,
                      Sabine and Taraborrelli, Domenico and Franco, Bruno and
                      Krefting, Jonathan and Henrot, Alexandra and Ferrachat,
                      Sylvaine and Lohmann, Ulrike and Neubauer, David and
                      Siegenthaler-Le Drian, Colombe and Wahl, Sebastian and
                      Kokkola, Harri and Kühn, Thomas and Rast, Sebastian and
                      Schmidt, Hauke and Stier, Philip and Kinnison, Doug and
                      Tyndall, Geoffrey S. and Orlando, John J. and Wespes,
                      Catherine},
      title        = {{T}he {C}hemistry {C}limate {M}odel
                      {ECHAM}6.3-{HAM}2.3-{MOZ}1.0},
      journal      = {Geoscientific model development discussions},
      volume       = {191},
      issn         = {1991-962X},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07307},
      pages        = {1 - 43},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {The chemistry climate model ECHAM-HAMMOZ contains a
                      detailed representation of tropospheric and stratospheric
                      reactive chemistry and state-of-the-art parametrisations of
                      aerorols using either a modal scheme (M7) or a bin scheme
                      (SALSA). This article describes and evaluates the model
                      version ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3-MOZ1.0 with a focus on the
                      tropospheric gas-phase chemistry. A ten-year model
                      simulation was performed to test the stability of the model
                      and provide data for its evaluation. The comparison to
                      observations concentrates on the year 2008 and includes
                      total column observations of ozone (O3) and carbon monoxide
                      (CO) from Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer
                      (IASI) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), Microwave Limb
                      Sounder (MLS) observations of temperature, nitric acid
                      (HNO3), chlorine monoxide (ClO), and O3 for the evaluation
                      of polar stratospheric processes, an ozone sonde
                      climatology, surface ozone observations from the
                      Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) database, and
                      surface CO data from the Global Atmosphere Watch network.
                      Global budgets of ozone, hydroxide (OH), nitrogen oxides
                      (NOx), aerosols, clouds, and radiation are analyzed and
                      compared to the literature. ECHAM-HAMMOZ performs well in
                      many aspects. However, in the base simulation, lightning NOx
                      emissions are very low, and the impact of the heterogeneous
                      reaction of HNO3 on dust and seasalt aerosol is too strong.
                      Sensitivity simulations with increased lightning NOx or
                      modified heterogeneous chemistry deteriorate the comparison
                      with observations and yield excessively large ozone budget
                      terms and too much OH. We hypothesize that this is an impact
                      of potential issues with tropical convection in the ECHAM
                      model.},
      cin          = {IEK-8 / JSC},
      ddc          = {910},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243) / 512 - Data-Intensive
                      Science and Federated Computing (POF3-512) / HITEC -
                      Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and
                      Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406) / Earth System
                      Data Exploration (ESDE)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-512 /
                      G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406 / G:(DE-Juel-1)ESDE},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5194/gmd-2017-191},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/838783},
}