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@ARTICLE{deGrootHedlin:838896,
      author       = {de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine D. and Hedlin, Michael A. H. and
                      Hoffmann, Lars and Alexander, M. Joan and Stephan, Claudia
                      C.},
      title        = {{R}elationships {B}etween {G}ravity {W}aves {O}bserved at
                      {E}arth's {S}urface and in the {S}tratosphere {O}ver the
                      {C}entral and {E}astern {U}nited {S}tates},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / Atmospheres},
      volume       = {122},
      number       = {21},
      issn         = {2169-897X},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07402},
      pages        = {11,482–11,498},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Observations of tropospheric gravity waves (GWs) made by
                      the new and extensive USArray Transportable Array (TA)
                      barometric network located east of the Rockies, in the
                      central and eastern United States and of stratospheric
                      (30–40 km above sea level) GWs made by the Atmospheric
                      Infrared Sounder (AIRS) are compared over a 5 year time span
                      from 2010 through 2014. GW detections in the period band
                      from 2 to 6 h made at the Earth's surface during the
                      thunderstorm season from May through August each year
                      exhibit the same broad spatial and temporal patterns as
                      observed at stratospheric altitudes. At both levels, the
                      occurrence frequency of GWs is higher at night than during
                      the day and is highest to the west of the Great Lakes.
                      Statistically significant correlations between the variance
                      of the pressure at the TA, which is a proxy for GWs at
                      ground level, with 8.1 μm brightness temperature
                      measurements from AIRS and rain radar precipitation data,
                      which are both proxies for convective activity, indicate
                      that GWs observed at the TA are related to convective
                      sources. There is little, if any, time lag between the two.
                      Correlations between GWs in the stratosphere and at ground
                      level are weaker, possibly due to the AIRS observational
                      filter effect, but are still statistically significant at
                      nighttime. We conclude that convective activity to the west
                      of the Great Lakes is the dominant source of GWs both at
                      ground level and within the stratosphere.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000417195500032},
      doi          = {10.1002/2017JD027159},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/838896},
}